A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department with a diagnosis of renal calculi. Which of the following areas of the renal system do most renal calculi begin forming?

Bladder

Renal papilla

Ureter

Urethra

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: The bladder is not where renal calculi typically begin to form; it is where they may end up if they travel down from the kidneys.

Choice B reason: Renal calculi commonly begin forming at the renal papilla, which is part of the kidney where urine collects before it flows into the ureter.

Choice C reason: The ureter is not the typical starting point for the formation of renal calculi, though stones can travel through it.

Choice D reason: The urethra is not a common site for the formation of renal calculi; it is the duct through which urine is discharged.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Measuring blood pressure di?erences is not a method to assess the patency of an AV graft.

Choice B reason: Checking pulses is important but does not confirm the patency of the AV graft.

Choice C reason: Using a Doppler stethoscope at the antecubital fossa is not the standard method for assessing AV graft patency.

Choice D reason: Auscultating for a bruit at the site of the AV graft is a common and non-invasive way to assess for patency.

A. Postvoid urine residual measurement B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) C. Cystourethrogram D. Creatinine E. Kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray F. Bladder scan

Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Postvoid urine residual measurement is a direct method to assess for urinary retention.

Choice B reason: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels may indicate kidney function but not specifically urinary retention.

Choice C reason: A cystourethrogram is used to visualize the bladder and urethra, which may not be the first choice for assessing urinary retention.

Choice D reason: Creatinine levels indicate kidney function but not urinary retention.

Choice E reason: A kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray can show the size of the bladder and may indicate retention.

Choice F reason: A bladder scan is a non-invasive way to measure the amount of urine in the bladder and assess for

retention.

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A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department with a diagnosis of renal calculi. Which of the following areas of the renal system do most renal calculi begin forming?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new arteriovenous (AV) graft in his left forearm. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to assess the patency of this graft?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]

Explanation

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