A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with high blood pressure. The client says, "I know I need to take my medication, but I am worried about side effects." Which component of the Health Belief Model is influencing the client's behavior?
Perceived barriers
Perceived financial costs
Perceived severity
Perceived benefits
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Perceived barriers refer to the individual's assessment of the obstacles that prevent them from taking action. In this case, the client is concerned about the side effects of the medication, which represents a psychological or physical barrier to adherence. This component of the Health Belief Model directly influences whether the client will follow through with the recommended treatment.
Choice B reason: Perceived financial costs relate to economic concerns such as affordability of medication or healthcare services. The client did not mention financial issues, so this is not the influencing factor in this scenario.
Choice C reason: Perceived severity involves the individual’s belief about the seriousness of a condition and its potential consequences. While this may play a role in overall behavior, the client’s statement focuses on side effects, not the severity of hypertension.
Choice D reason: Perceived benefits refer to the belief in the effectiveness of the advised action to reduce risk or severity. The client acknowledges the need to take medication, indicating some recognition of benefits, but the concern about side effects shows that barriers are more influential at this moment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Engaging in muscle-strengthening activities 6 days a week exceeds recommended guidelines and may lead to overtraining or injury. The CDC recommends muscle-strengthening activities at least two days per week, not six.
Choice B reason: Alternating moderate and vigorous activity for 50 minutes daily may be beneficial for some individuals but is not a standard recommendation. It lacks clarity and may be too intense for beginners, especially those with health concerns.
Choice C reason: Stretching is beneficial for flexibility and injury prevention but does not fulfill the aerobic activity requirement for cardiovascular health. It should complement, not replace, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise.
Choice D reason: This aligns with CDC and WHO guidelines, which recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for adults. It is evidence-based, achievable, and promotes cardiovascular health, weight management, and overall well-being.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Nurses play a critical role in preventive care by identifying modifiable risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and unmanaged chronic conditions. Screening at every encounter allows for early intervention and personalized health promotion strategies that align with evidence-based practice.
Choice B reason: Administering vaccines according to current guidelines is a cornerstone of public health and disease prevention. Nurses ensure immunization schedules are followed, educate clients on vaccine benefits, and monitor for adverse reactions, thereby contributing to herd immunity and individual protection.
Choice C reason: Encouraging overweight clients to adopt healthier eating habits is part of lifestyle counseling. Nurses use motivational interviewing and culturally sensitive education to help clients understand the impact of caloric intake on weight, cardiovascular health, and metabolic conditions, promoting sustainable behavior change.
Choice D reason: Focusing solely on the presenting concern is a limited approach that neglects the holistic nature of nursing care. Optimal health requires addressing underlying risk factors, psychosocial needs, and preventive strategies, not just acute symptoms.
Choice E reason: Improving health literacy empowers clients to make informed decisions about their care. Nurses educate clients on navigating the healthcare system, understanding medication regimens, interpreting health information, and advocating for themselves, which enhances adherence and outcomes.
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