A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe allergic reaction to a medication and requires immediate administration of diphenhydramine. The nurse should administer the medication by which of the following routes?
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intravenous
Oral
The Correct Answer is C
Answer: C. Intravenous injection is the fastest route for administering diphenhydramine in a severe allergic reaction because it provides immediate onset of action and avoids the first-pass metabolism in the liver.
A and B are incorrect because intramuscular and subcutaneous injections have slower absorption rates than intravenous injection and may not provide adequate relief in an emergency situation.
D is incorrect because oral administration of diphenhydramine has the slowest absorption rate and onset of action and is subject to first-pass metabolism in the liver.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Febrile transfusion reaction is a common type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's leukocytes and cause fever, chills, headache, and malaise.
A is incorrect because hemolytic transfusion reaction is a rare but serious type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's erythrocytes and cause hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, hypotension, tachycardia, and renal failure.
C is incorrect because allergic transfusion reaction is a type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's plasma proteins and cause urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, and anaphylaxis.
D is incorrect because circulatory overload is a type of transfusion complication that occurs when the infusion rate exceeds the recipient's cardiac output and causes dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles, tachycardia, hypertension, and pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Holding the device at a 90-degree angle to the thigh ensures proper penetration and delivery of the medication into the vastus lateralis muscle.
A is incorrect because injecting the medication into the deltoid muscle may not provide adequate absorption and onset of action.
C is incorrect because massaging the injection site may increase the risk of bleeding and bruising and may decrease the absorption of the medication.
D is incorrect because repeating the injection after 5 minutes may cause overdose and adverse effects such as hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and myocardial ischemia.
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