A client who is receiving intravenous amphotericin B for a fungal infection reports feeling dizzy and having chills and fever. The nurse should recognize that these manifestations indicate which of the following adverse reactions?
a) Anaphylaxis
b) Infusion reaction
c) Nephrotoxicity
d) Ototoxicity
The Correct Answer is B
Infusion reaction is a common adverse effect of amphotericin B that occurs within 1 to 3 hours of starting the infusion and causes symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, and hypotension.
A is incorrect because anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that causes symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and shock.
C is incorrect because nephrotoxicity is another adverse effect of amphotericin B that causes renal impairment and electrolyte imbalances.
D is incorrect because ototoxicity is an adverse effect of some antibiotics such as gentamicin and vancomycin that causes hearing loss and tinnitus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Infusion reaction is a common adverse effect of amphotericin B that occurs within 1 to 3 hours of starting the infusion and causes symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, and hypotension.
A is incorrect because anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that causes symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and shock.
C is incorrect because nephrotoxicity is another adverse effect of amphotericin B that causes renal impairment and electrolyte imbalances.
D is incorrect because ototoxicity is an adverse effect of some antibiotics such as gentamicin and vancomycin that causes hearing loss and tinnitus.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Febrile transfusion reaction is a common type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's leukocytes and cause fever, chills, headache, and malaise.
A is incorrect because hemolytic transfusion reaction is a rare but serious type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's erythrocytes and cause hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, hypotension, tachycardia, and renal failure.
C is incorrect because allergic transfusion reaction is a type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's plasma proteins and cause urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, and anaphylaxis.
D is incorrect because circulatory overload is a type of transfusion complication that occurs when the infusion rate exceeds the recipient's cardiac output and causes dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles, tachycardia, hypertension, and pulmonary edema.
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