A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking isoniazid and rifampin.
Which of the following outcomes indicates that the client is adhering to the medication regimen?

The client tests negative for HIV.

The client has a negative sputum culture.

The client’s liver function test results are within the expected reference range.

The client has a positive purified protein derivative test.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The client has a negative sputum culture. This indicates that the client is adhering to the medication regimen because a negative sputum culture means that the client is no longer infectious and has cleared the tuberculosis bacteria from their lungs.

Choice A is wrong because testing negative for HIV does not indicate that the client is adhering to the medication regimen for tuberculosis. HIV testing is not related to tuberculosis treatment.

Choice C is wrong because having a positive purified protein derivative test does not indicate that the client is adhering to the medication regimen for tuberculosis.

A positive PPD test means that the client has been exposed to tuberculosis, but it does not indicate whether the client has an active or latent infection. Choice D is wrong because having liver function test results within the expected reference range does not indicate that the client is adhering to the medication regimen for tuberculosis.

Liver function tests are used to monitor for possible adverse effects of isoniazid and rifampin, which can cause hepatotoxicity, but they do not reflect the effectiveness of the treatment.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Clozapine is an antipsychotic medication that is used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It works by affecting the balance of certain chemicals in the brain.

Choice A is wrong because clozapine can cause weight gain, not weight loss, in some people. This can increase the risk of diabetes, high cholesterol, and heart problems. The nurse should advise the client to monitor their weight regularly and to follow a healthy diet and exercise plan.

Choice B is wrong because ringing in the ears (tinnitus) is not an expected adverse effect of clozapine. However, clozapine can cause other ear problems, such as otitis media (middle ear infection) or otitis externa (outer ear infection). The nurse should instruct the client to report any ear pain, discharge, or hearing loss to their provider.

Choice D is wrong because diarrhoea is not a common adverse effect of clozapine. However, clozapine can cause constipation, which can be severe and lead to bowel obstruction or perforation. The nurse should advise the client to drink plenty of fluids, eat high-fibre foods, and use laxatives as prescribed by their provider.

Choice C is correct because fever is a serious adverse effect of clozapine that may indicate a life-threatening condition called

agranulocytosis. Agranulocytosis is a severe reduction in white blood cells that can impair the immune system and increase the risk of infections. The nurse should instruct the client to notify their provider immediately if they develop a fever or any signs of infection, such as sore throat, cough, or flu-like symptoms. The client should also have regular blood tests to monitor their white blood cell count while taking clozapine.

A. Improved cognition. B. Cardiac arrhythmias absent. C. Decreased vomiting. D. Absent Chvostek’s sign.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Hyponatremia is a condition where the sodium level in the blood is too low, which can cause confusion, lethargy, seizures, and coma. A hypertonic solution is a fluid that has a higher concentration of solutes than the blood, which can help raise the sodium level and reduce the brain swelling caused by hyponatremia. Therefore, improved cognition indicates that the treatment is effective.

Choice B. Cardiac arrhythmias absent.

Cardiac arrhythmias are not a common symptom of hyponatremia unless it is severe or rapid in onset.

Therefore, their absence does not necessarily indicate that the treatment is effective.

Choice C. Decreased vomiting.

Vomiting can be a cause or a consequence of hyponatremia, depending on the underlying condition.

Decreased vomiting may indicate that the patient is less nauseated, but it does not reflect the sodium level or the brain status.

Choice D. Absent Chvostek’s sign.

Chvostek’s sign is a facial twitching that occurs when tapping on the cheek, which indicates hypocalcemia (low calcium level).

It is not related to hyponatremia or hypertonic solution.

Normal ranges for sodium are 135 to 145 mEq/L and for calcium are 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking isoniazid and rifampin. Which of the following outcomes indicates that the client is adhering to the medication regimen?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clozapine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking isoniazid and rifampin.
Which of the following outcomes indicates that the client is adhering to the medication regimen?