A nurse is caring for a client who is participating in a research study for an experimental chemotherapy medication. After three treatments, the experimental medication is discontinued due to evidence of rapidly advancing kidney failure. Which of the following ethical principles was demonstrated?
Veracity.
Autonomy.
Nonmaleficence.
Fidelity.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty in communication between the healthcare provider and the client. It involves providing accurate information and not deceiving the client. Discontinuing the experimental medication due to kidney failure demonstrates a commitment to the truth, but the primary ethical principle demonstrated here is nonmaleficence.
Choice B rationale:
Autonomy refers to respecting the client's right to make their own decisions about their healthcare. In this scenario, the medication was discontinued due to evidence of harm to the client's health. This action prioritizes the client's well-being over their autonomy to continue the treatment.
Choice C rationale:
Nonmaleficence, or the principle of "do no harm," is demonstrated in this scenario. The experimental medication was discontinued because it was causing rapidly advancing kidney failure. The healthcare provider's decision to stop the treatment is an example of prioritizing the client's safety and well-being by preventing further harm.
Choice D rationale:
Fidelity refers to being loyal, keeping promises, and maintaining trust in the nurse-client relationship. While this principle is important, it doesn't directly apply to the situation described, where the focus is on the ethical responsibility to prevent harm.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D - "Eating a high fiber diet will reduce my risk for developing skin cancer."
Choice A rationale:
Checking the skin monthly for any changes is a recommended practice for early detection of skin cancer. Changes in the size, color, shape, or appearance of moles or spots can be indicative of skin cancer. This statement demonstrates understanding and does not require further teaching.
Choice B rationale:
Avoiding the use of tanning booths is a crucial recommendation for preventing skin cancer. Tanning booths emit ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which significantly increases the risk of skin cancer. This statement reflects accurate knowledge and does not indicate a need for further teaching.
Choice C rationale:
Using sunscreen even on cloudy days is a sound practice to prevent skin cancer. UV rays can penetrate clouds and cause skin damage even when the sun is not directly visible. This statement shows good understanding and does not require further teaching.
Choice D rationale:
Eating a high fiber diet will reduce my risk for developing skin cancer - This statement indicates a need for further teaching. While a high fiber diet has various health benefits, it is not directly linked to reducing the risk of developing skin cancer. Skin cancer prevention primarily involves sun protection measures, avoiding tanning beds, and regular skin checks. The nurse should clarify the correct strategies for preventing skin cancer.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. Necrotic subcutaneous tissue.
Choice A rationale:
Partial-thickness skin loss (Choice A) is characteristic of a stage II pressure ulcer, not a stage III ulcer. A stage II pressure ulcer involves the loss of the epidermis and possibly the dermis, resulting in a shallow open ulcer with a red-pink wound bed.
Choice B rationale:
Necrotic subcutaneous tissue is a manifestation of a stage III pressure ulcer. A stage III ulcer involves full-thickness skin loss where subcutaneous fat may be visible, but exposed bone or muscle is not yet present. Necrotic tissue in the wound bed indicates a more advanced level of tissue damage and the need for appropriate wound care to promote healing.
Choice C rationale:
Blood-filled blisters (Choice C) are not specific to pressure ulcers and are more commonly associated with friction or shear forces. These blisters are not indicative of a stage III pressure ulcer, which involves visible full-thickness tissue loss.
Choice D rationale:
Exposed bone (Choice D) is a characteristic of a stage IV pressure ulcer, not a stage III ulcer. A stage IV ulcer involves extensive tissue loss with exposure of muscle, tendon, or bone. This represents a severe level of tissue damage and requires intensive wound care and management.
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