A nurse is caring for a group of clients who have sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following STIs should the nurse report to the local health department?
Gonorrhea.
Genital herpes.
Human papillomavirus (HPV).
Trichomoniasis.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Gonorrhea is a reportable STI in most jurisdictions because of its high transmissibility and potential for serious complications, such as pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. Public health surveillance is essential for tracking incidence, identifying outbreaks, and implementing control measures to prevent further spread within the community, thereby protecting public health.
Choice B rationale
Genital herpes, caused by the herpes simplex virus, is generally not a nationally notifiable disease. While it is a common STI, its chronic and recurrent nature does not pose the same acute public health risk as reportable STIs. Individual management and prevention education are prioritized over widespread public health surveillance for this condition.
Choice C rationale
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is not a nationally reportable disease in the United States. While certain high-risk types are linked to cervical and other cancers, the widespread nature of the virus and the availability of a preventative vaccine make public health reporting less critical for acute disease control.
Choice D rationale
Trichomoniasis is a very common curable STI but is typically not a reportable disease. Although it can increase the risk of other STIs, it is not subject to the same public health surveillance and mandatory reporting requirements as more dangerous or rapidly spreading infections like gonorrhea or syphilis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Instructing elementary school students about healthy food choices is an example of primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs by promoting healthy behaviors and a safe environment. This intervention is proactive, targeting a healthy population to prevent the development of future health issues like obesity and related chronic diseases.
Choice B rationale
Giving a presentation about immunizations is a form of primary prevention. Immunizations are designed to prevent the onset of infectious diseases by building immunity within a population. This action targets a healthy population and is a classic example of preventing disease before exposure or illness occurs, which is the core principle of primary prevention.
Choice C rationale
Performing hypertension screenings is an example of secondary prevention. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment of health problems in at-risk or asymptomatic individuals. A blood pressure screening identifies individuals who may have hypertension, allowing for early intervention and management to prevent complications. Normal blood pressure is <120/80 mm Hg.
Choice D rationale
Teaching self-care strategies to a client who has had a stroke is an example of tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the negative impact of an existing disease or disability by restoring function and reducing disease-related complications. This intervention focuses on rehabilitation and management for an individual who has already experienced a health event, a stroke.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying antibiotic ointment is a standard and safe prescription for a surgical wound to prevent infection. The prescription is appropriate and does not need to be verified with the provider, as it is consistent with the standard of care for postoperative wound management. It promotes wound healing and reduces the risk of bacterial contamination.
Choice B rationale
Soaking the feet in warm water is contraindicated for a diabetic client due to the high risk of burns and maceration of the skin, which can lead to infection and non-healing ulcers. Diabetic neuropathy often impairs sensation, so the client may not be able to detect excessively hot water, causing significant tissue damage. This prescription must be verified immediately.
Choice C rationale
Teaching the client how to inspect their feet daily is a crucial aspect of diabetic foot care. Daily inspection helps in the early detection of cuts, blisters, and other injuries that could lead to serious infections. This instruction is a necessary and standard component of a diabetic foot care plan and does not require verification.
Choice D rationale
Following up with a podiatrist is a standard and essential component of care for a client with diabetes who has had a foot procedure. Podiatrists specialize in foot health and can provide ongoing care, specialized trimming of nails, and monitoring for complications. This prescription is appropriate and promotes long-term foot health and requires no verification.
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