A nurse is collecting data from a client who has macular degeneration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nystagmus

Astigmatism

Loss of central vision

Client reports sharp pain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. Nystagmus: Nystagmus is characterized by involuntary eye movements and is typically associated with vestibular disorders, multiple sclerosis, or congenital conditions. It is not a symptom of macular degeneration, which primarily affects the retina.

B. Astigmatism: Astigmatism is a refractive error due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens. It is unrelated to macular degeneration, which involves degeneration of the macula—the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision.

C. Loss of central vision: Macular degeneration leads to progressive deterioration of the macula, resulting in blurred or complete loss of central vision while peripheral vision remains intact. This is a hallmark symptom and significantly affects activities like reading and recognizing faces.

D. Client reports sharp pain: Macular degeneration does not typically cause pain. It is a painless condition, and the presence of sharp eye pain may suggest another acute ocular issue such as glaucoma or injury, not related to macular changes.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "I will position my arms away from my body when pushing an object.": Keeping the arms close to the body provides better leverage and reduces strain on the muscles and joints. Extending arms away increases risk of injury.

B. "I will position my body to face an object, so I avoid twisting: Facing the object directly helps maintain proper spinal alignment and reduces the risk of back injury by minimizing twisting motions during lifting or pushing.

C. "I will position my legs close together before lifting.": Keeping legs close together decreases stability and increases risk of losing balance. A wider stance improves balance and distributes weight evenly during lifting.

D. "I will position objects away from my body before lifting them.": Objects should be held close to the body to reduce strain on the back and arms. Holding objects away increases lever arm forces and injury risk.

A. Headaches with aura B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease C. History of mononucleosis 1 year ago D. Irregular menstrual cycles

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Headaches with aura: Headaches accompanied by aura are a strong contraindication to oral contraceptive use due to the significantly increased risk of thromboembolic events, particularly ischemic stroke. Estrogen-containing contraceptives can further exacerbate this vascular risk, making alternative forms of birth control necessary.

B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: GERD is a gastrointestinal condition that does not affect the safety or efficacy of oral contraceptives. Although hormonal fluctuations can sometimes influence gastric symptoms, GERD is not a contraindication to contraceptive use.

C. History of mononucleosis 1 year ago: A past infection with mononucleosis does not impact liver function long-term in most cases and does not interfere with hormonal contraceptive use. It does not pose any increased risk related to estrogen or progesterone components.

D. Irregular menstrual cycles: While irregular cycles are a common reason for initiating oral contraceptives, they are not a contraindication. In fact, hormonal contraceptives are often used therapeutically to regulate menstrual patterns and reduce cycle variability.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has macular degeneration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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