A nurse is collecting data from a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following client findings should the nurse document as a positive symptom of the disorder?

Dysphoria

Poor hygiene

Disorganized speech

Anhedonia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Dysphoria refers to a state of unease or generalized dissatisfaction, often linked to mood disorders such as depression. It is considered a negative symptom or affective disturbance rather than a positive symptom of schizophrenia. Positive symptoms are those that add abnormal experiences, such as hallucinations or disorganized speech, rather than subtracting normal functioning.

Choice B reason: Poor hygiene is a behavioral deficit often seen in schizophrenia, but it is classified as a negative symptom. Negative symptoms involve a reduction or absence of normal behaviors, such as lack of motivation, poor grooming, or social withdrawal.

Choice C reason: Disorganized speech is a hallmark positive symptom of schizophrenia. It reflects disturbances in thought processes, where the client’s communication becomes incoherent, illogical, or fragmented. This symptom demonstrates the addition of abnormal cognitive patterns, making it a positive symptom.

Choice D reason: Anhedonia is the inability to experience pleasure, which is a negative symptom. It reflects a deficit in emotional responsiveness and motivation rather than the presence of abnormal behaviors or perceptions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Telling the client to go back to their room is dismissive and does not address their emotional state.

Choice B reason: This response acknowledges the client’s feelings and invites them to express themselves. It is therapeutic, empathetic, and supportive, making it the best choice.

Choice C reason: Asking “Why” questions can sound judgmental and does not encourage open communication.

Choice D reason: Reassuring without addressing the client’s distress minimizes their feelings and is non-therapeutic.

A. "You don't have to go, but it would be helpful for your progress." B. "Let's talk about what's bothering you today." C. "Attendance is expected. The consequences for refusing are outlined in your treatment plan." D. "If you don’t attend group, you will lose your privileges."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Allowing the client to skip group undermines structure and reinforces manipulative behavior.

Choice B reason: Redirecting to feelings does not address the refusal to follow rules. Clients with antisocial personality disorder often lack insight and empathy, so this approach is ineffective.

Choice C reason: Setting clear expectations and outlining consequences is the best response. Clients with antisocial personality disorder require firm, consistent boundaries to manage manipulative and defiant behavior.

Choice D reason: Threatening loss of privileges may escalate defiance. While consequences are necessary, they should be presented in a structured, non-confrontational way, as in option C.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following client findings should the nurse document as a positive symptom of the disorder?

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