A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports recently using cocaine. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Hyperthermia

Increased appetite

Sedation

Hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hyperthermia: Cocaine is a stimulant that increases sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to elevated body temperature, tachycardia, and hypertension. Hyperthermia is a common acute effect of cocaine use.

B. Increased appetite: Cocaine typically suppresses appetite due to its stimulant effects on the central nervous system. Clients often experience decreased hunger rather than increased appetite.

C. Sedation: Cocaine use generally causes CNS stimulation, resulting in agitation, restlessness, or insomnia rather than sedation. Sedative effects are more characteristic of depressant substances.

D. Hypotension: Cocaine causes vasoconstriction and sympathetic stimulation, which usually leads to elevated blood pressure. Hypotension is not expected and may indicate a complication or co-ingestion of another substance.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Wear cotton underwear: Cotton underwear allows better air circulation and reduces moisture accumulation, which helps prevent bacterial growth in the genital area. Proper underwear choice is a simple preventive measure that supports urinary tract health.

B. Drink orange juice daily for 3 to 4 weeks: While vitamin C may help acidify urine slightly, there is no evidence supporting long-term consumption specifically for UTI prevention. Excessive intake can also irritate the bladder or cause gastrointestinal upset.

C. Take the prescribed antibiotic until manifestations are gone: Antibiotics should be taken for the full prescribed course, not just until symptoms resolve. Stopping early can lead to incomplete eradication of bacteria and increase the risk of resistance.

D. Restrict fluid intake to 1 L per day: Restricting fluids can worsen UTIs by reducing urine output, which limits bacterial flushing from the urinary tract. Adequate hydration is recommended to help prevent and manage UTIs.

A. "You have a right to change your mind." B. “I’m sure that everything will be all right, regardless of your decision” C. “If I were you, I would contact your spiritual director.” D. “Making this decision is wrong”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "You have a right to change your mind.": This response respects the client’s autonomy while acknowledging their right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare. It supports the client without judgment and leaves the choice open for future reconsideration if desired.

B. “I’m sure that everything will be all right, regardless of your decision”: This statement minimizes the client’s feelings and does not provide factual or supportive guidance. It can come across as dismissive of the serious implications of refusing a blood transfusion.

C. “If I were you, I would contact your spiritual director.”: Advising the client to follow the nurse’s personal suggestion undermines the client’s autonomy. The client may choose spiritual guidance independently, but the nurse should not impose personal recommendations.

D. “Making this decision is wrong”: This response is judgmental and violates the principle of respecting client autonomy. It can damage the nurse-client relationship and discourage open communication about values and preferences.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports recently using cocaine. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

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