A nurse is discussing culturally competent care at a nursing staff inservice. Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing clients' cultures?

Boarding refers to the practice of holding patients, including those with mental health disorders, in the emergency department (ED) for extended periods due to the unavailability of appropriate psychiatric or mental health treatment facilities. This situation often occurs when there is a lack of inpatient psychiatric beds or insufficient community-based mental health resources.

When the nurse notifies the manager about clients with mental health disorders still present in the ED for over 48 hours, they are likely raising concerns about the practice of boarding. The nurse is highlighting the issue of keeping individuals with mental health disorders in an inappropriate setting for an extended duration, which can have negative implications for both the clients and the ED.

The other options are not directly related to the phenomenon of clients with mental health disorders staying in the ED for an extended period:

1. Temporary detaining orders for clients: Temporary detaining orders refer to legal provisions that allow for the involuntary detention of individuals who are at risk to themselves or others due to mental health concerns. While this may be relevant in certain situations, it does not address the broader issue of clients staying in the ED beyond 48 hours.

2. The revolving door for clients: The revolving door phenomenon refers to individuals repeatedly seeking care in the ED due to ongoing or recurrent health issues. While this may be a concern in the context of mental health, it does not specifically address the issue of clients with mental health disorders staying in the ED for over 48 hours.

3. The cost of holding clients in the ED for over 48 hours: While the cost of providing care and resources to clients staying in the ED for an extended period is a valid consideration, it does not encompass the broader issue of the appropriateness of this practice for clients with mental health disorders.

While all members of the interdisciplinary team play important roles in the care of a client started on antidepressant medication, the psychiatric nurse typically takes a leading role in monitoring the medication's effectiveness and side effects.

1. Pharmacist: The pharmacist plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe and accurate dispensing of medications. They provide important information about the medication, its dosing, and potential drug interactions. However, they may not be directly involved in monitoring the client's response to the medication or assessing for specific side effects.

2. Psychiatrist: The psychiatrist is responsible for prescribing the antidepressant medication and determining the appropriate treatment plan for the client. While they may periodically review the client's progress and adjust the medication as needed, their role may focus more on the overall management of the client's mental health condition rather than continuous monitoring of the medication's effectiveness and side effects.

3. Psychologist: The psychologist typically focuses on providing therapy and counseling services to the client. While they may have knowledge about the effects of antidepressant medication, their primary role is not to monitor its effectiveness or side effects.

4. Psychiatric nurse: The psychiatric nurse is often at the forefront of medication monitoring and management. They closely observe the client for changes in symptoms, assess the client's response to the antidepressant medication, and monitor for any potential side effects or adverse reactions. The psychiatric nurse may collaborate with the psychiatrist and other team members to adjust the medication regimen and provide ongoing support and education to the client about their medication.