A nurse is discussing the causes of Ankylosing Spondylitis with a patient.
Which statement accurately describes a risk factor associated with this condition?
"Environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, are the primary cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis.”
"Ankylosing Spondylitis predominantly affects females.”
"The HLA-B27 gene is not associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis.”
"Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis typically manifest in childhood.”
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, are the primary cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Rationale: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is believed to have a multifactorial etiology, and while genetics play a significant role (particularly the HLA-B27 gene), environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, have been implicated in triggering the condition.
Certain bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, have been associated with AS, and their presence may exacerbate inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals.
This statement accurately reflects the current understanding of AS's etiology.
Choice B rationale:
"Ankylosing Spondylitis predominantly affects females." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis is more common in males than in females.
It has a male-to-female ratio of approximately 3:1.
Therefore, it predominantly affects males, not females.
Choice C rationale:
"The HLA-B27 gene is not associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
The HLA-B27 gene is strongly associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
In fact, it is one of the most significant genetic risk factors for the development of AS.
Over 90% of individuals with AS are HLA-B27 positive.
Choice D rationale:
"Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis typically manifest in childhood." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis symptoms typically do not manifest in childhood.
The onset of AS symptoms usually occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, typically between the ages of 17 and 45.
It is rare for AS symptoms to appear in childhood.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, are the primary cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Rationale: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is believed to have a multifactorial etiology, and while genetics play a significant role (particularly the HLA-B27 gene), environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, have been implicated in triggering the condition.
Certain bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, have been associated with AS, and their presence may exacerbate inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals.
This statement accurately reflects the current understanding of AS's etiology.
Choice B rationale:
"Ankylosing Spondylitis predominantly affects females." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis is more common in males than in females.
It has a male-to-female ratio of approximately 3:1.
Therefore, it predominantly affects males, not females.
Choice C rationale:
"The HLA-B27 gene is not associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
The HLA-B27 gene is strongly associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
In fact, it is one of the most significant genetic risk factors for the development of AS.
Over 90% of individuals with AS are HLA-B27 positive.
Choice D rationale:
"Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis typically manifest in childhood." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis symptoms typically do not manifest in childhood.
The onset of AS symptoms usually occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, typically between the ages of 17 and 45.
It is rare for AS symptoms to appear in childhood.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Encouraging the client to avoid physical activity is not an appropriate intervention.
Physical activity and exercise, including range of motion exercises, are essential in managing Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Inactivity can worsen symptoms and lead to further stiffness.
Choice B rationale:
Recommending surgery to correct the spine's limited range of motion is not typically the first step in managing Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Surgery may be considered in severe cases with spinal deformities, but it is not the initial intervention.
Choice C rationale:
Assisting the client in performing range of motion exercises and physical therapy is an appropriate nursing intervention.
These exercises help maintain and improve flexibility, reduce pain, and slow the progression of the disease.
Physical therapy is a key component of Ankylosing Spondylitis management.
Choice D rationale:
Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as prescribed can help manage pain and inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis, but it is not a nursing intervention related to improving range of motion.
It is essential to combine NSAID therapy with exercise and physical therapy for optimal management of the condition.
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