A client with Ankylosing Spondylitis is curious about the disease's pathophysiology.
What explanation by the nurse is correct?
"The inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily occurs in the peripheral joints.”
"Immune cells infiltrate muscles, leading to muscle wasting in Ankylosing Spondylitis.”
"Pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-17 contribute to inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis.”
"The chronic inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis causes cartilage regeneration.”
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
"The inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily occurs in the peripheral joints." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily affects the axial skeleton, including the spine and sacroiliac joints.
Peripheral joint involvement is less common and usually occurs in the later stages of the disease.
Choice B rationale:
"Immune cells infiltrate muscles, leading to muscle wasting in Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily involves inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints, rather than muscle tissue.
Muscle wasting is not a characteristic feature of AS.
Choice C rationale:
"Pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-17 contribute to inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is correct.
Ankylosing Spondylitis is associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-17 (IL-17).
These cytokines play a key role in the inflammation and tissue damage seen in AS.
Choice D rationale:
"The chronic inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis causes cartilage regeneration." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
Chronic inflammation in AS can lead to structural damage and fusion of the spinal vertebrae (ankylosis), but it does not promote cartilage regeneration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Encouraging the client to avoid physical activity is not an appropriate intervention.
Physical activity and exercise, including range of motion exercises, are essential in managing Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Inactivity can worsen symptoms and lead to further stiffness.
Choice B rationale:
Recommending surgery to correct the spine's limited range of motion is not typically the first step in managing Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Surgery may be considered in severe cases with spinal deformities, but it is not the initial intervention.
Choice C rationale:
Assisting the client in performing range of motion exercises and physical therapy is an appropriate nursing intervention.
These exercises help maintain and improve flexibility, reduce pain, and slow the progression of the disease.
Physical therapy is a key component of Ankylosing Spondylitis management.
Choice D rationale:
Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as prescribed can help manage pain and inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis, but it is not a nursing intervention related to improving range of motion.
It is essential to combine NSAID therapy with exercise and physical therapy for optimal management of the condition.
Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"Kidney stones." Kidney stones are not a common complication of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS).
While AS primarily affects the spine and joints, it does not directly increase the risk of kidney stones.
Therefore, this choice is not the correct answer.
Choice B rationale:
"Decreased risk of osteoporosis." AS is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, not a decreased risk.
The chronic inflammation and reduced mobility associated with AS can contribute to bone loss, making osteoporosis a potential complication.
Choice C rationale:
"Reduced lung capacity." Reduced lung capacity is a known complication of AS.
In severe cases, AS can lead to restrictive lung disease due to the fusion of the ribs to the spine.
This can restrict lung expansion and reduce lung capacity, leading to respiratory issues.
Choice D rationale:
"Improved cardiovascular health." AS itself does not typically lead to improved cardiovascular health.
In fact, chronic inflammation associated with AS may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Therefore, this choice is not the correct answer.
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