A client with Ankylosing Spondylitis is curious about the disease's pathophysiology.
What explanation by the nurse is correct?
"The inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily occurs in the peripheral joints.”
"Immune cells infiltrate muscles, leading to muscle wasting in Ankylosing Spondylitis.”
"Pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-17 contribute to inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis.”
"The chronic inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis causes cartilage regeneration.”
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
"The inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily occurs in the peripheral joints." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily affects the axial skeleton, including the spine and sacroiliac joints.
Peripheral joint involvement is less common and usually occurs in the later stages of the disease.
Choice B rationale:
"Immune cells infiltrate muscles, leading to muscle wasting in Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
Ankylosing Spondylitis primarily involves inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints, rather than muscle tissue.
Muscle wasting is not a characteristic feature of AS.
Choice C rationale:
"Pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-17 contribute to inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is correct.
Ankylosing Spondylitis is associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-17 (IL-17).
These cytokines play a key role in the inflammation and tissue damage seen in AS.
Choice D rationale:
"The chronic inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis causes cartilage regeneration." Rationale: This statement is not accurate.
Chronic inflammation in AS can lead to structural damage and fusion of the spinal vertebrae (ankylosis), but it does not promote cartilage regeneration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"I will try using heat therapy as directed for pain relief." This statement indicates that the client is willing to try a pain relief method, which is a positive response.
Heat therapy can be a helpful strategy for managing pain in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS).
Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further education.
Choice B rationale:
"I should avoid physical therapy to prevent worsening of my symptoms." This statement is concerning and indicates a need for further education.
Physical therapy is an important part of managing AS, as it helps improve flexibility, maintain joint function, and reduce pain.
Advising the client to avoid physical therapy could lead to worsening symptoms and decreased quality of life.
Choice C rationale:
"Maintaining good posture will help minimize strain on my spine." This statement reflects an understanding of the importance of posture in managing AS.
It is a positive response that shows the client's awareness of proper self-care techniques.
Choice D rationale:
"I'll ask my healthcare team about assistive devices for mobility." This statement is also a positive response, as it indicates the client's willingness to explore options for improving mobility and managing their condition.
Asking the healthcare team about assistive devices is a proactive step in self-care.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"You should avoid exercise to prevent further joint stiffness." This statement is not appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching plan.
Exercise is actually important for individuals with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) to maintain joint flexibility and mobility.
Encouraging exercise is a key aspect of managing AS.
Avoiding exercise can lead to increased joint stiffness and decreased mobility, which is contrary to the goals of treatment.
Choice B rationale:
"Heat therapy is not recommended for pain relief." This statement is not accurate.
Heat therapy, such as warm baths or heating pads, can be recommended for pain relief in individuals with AS.
Heat helps to relax muscles, reduce pain, and improve mobility in AS patients.
Therefore, the nurse should not provide this incorrect information to the patient.
Choice C rationale:
"Proper body mechanics and posture are not essential." This statement is incorrect.
Proper body mechanics and posture are essential for individuals with Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Maintaining good posture and using proper body mechanics can help prevent further spinal deformities and reduce pain.
The nurse should emphasize the importance of these practices in the teaching plan.
Choice D rationale:
"Using assistive devices can improve your mobility and reduce fall risk." This is the correct answer.
Using assistive devices, such as canes or walkers, can indeed improve mobility and reduce the risk of falls for individuals with AS.
These devices provide stability and support when walking, which is especially important for those with spinal involvement in AS.
Therefore, this statement should be included in the teaching plan to provide helpful advice to the patient.
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