A nurse is evaluating support systems for a family that is part of a community.
Which of the following should the nurse identify as resources available within the family’s microsystem?
School board members.
Specialty care physicians.
Neighbors.
Government officials.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
School board members are part of the family’s exosystem, which includes external social structures that indirectly influence the family. These individuals make decisions that affect the school system, which in turn influences the family, but they do not have direct, daily interactions with the family unit.
Choice B rationale
Specialty care physicians are part of the mesosystem, which is the interaction of two microsystems, such as the family and the healthcare system. While they provide direct care, they are not typically part of the daily, immediate environment of the family and are not a continuous presence like a neighbor.
Choice C rationale
Neighbors are a direct and immediate part of a family’s microsystem, which is the individual's direct, personal environment, including immediate social and physical surroundings. Neighbors can provide support, a sense of community, and a resource for direct help and interaction.
Choice D rationale
Government officials belong to the macrosystem, which includes the broader cultural and societal values and laws that influence a family. They are part of a larger, more abstract system and do not have a direct, interactive relationship with the family on a day-to-day basis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metronidazole is an antibiotic typically used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain parasites, such as Trichomonas vaginalis, not Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacterium responsible for gonorrhea. The standard treatment for gonorrhea is ceftriaxone, often combined with azithromycin to cover potential co-infection with chlamydia.
Choice B rationale
Imiquimod cream is a topical medication used to treat external genital warts caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It works by stimulating the immune system to fight the virus. This treatment is not indicated for the management of a bacterial infection like gonorrhea.
Choice C rationale
Gonorrhea is a reportable communicable disease, which means that healthcare providers are legally required to report new diagnoses to the state or local health department. This public health measure is essential for disease surveillance, contact tracing, and preventing further spread within the community.
Choice D rationale
A blood culture is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms in the bloodstream, a condition known as bacteremia or septicemia. Gonorrhea is typically a localized infection of the mucous membranes, and a blood culture is not the standard or primary diagnostic tool.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver, but a vaccine is not yet available to prevent it. Prevention focuses on avoiding contact with infected blood, such as through safe injection practices, sterile medical equipment, and screening of blood products. Therefore, it is not considered a vaccine-preventable disease in a public health context.
Choice B rationale
Botulism is a rare and serious paralytic illness caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. While there are treatments, including antitoxins, there is currently no vaccine available for routine use to prevent botulism in humans. Prevention focuses on proper food handling and avoiding contaminated sources.
Choice C rationale
Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks. While a vaccine for Lyme disease was once available, it was discontinued due to low demand and is not currently on the market. Prevention relies on avoiding tick bites.
Choice D rationale
Smallpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the variola virus, which was successfully eradicated globally in 1980 through a concerted vaccination effort. The smallpox vaccine was highly effective and played a critical role in its elimination. Therefore, smallpox is a classic and definitive example of a vaccine-preventable disease.
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