A nurse is performing a cardiac assessment on a client and auscultates an S3 sound. The nurse should recognize that this sound represents which of the following heart conditions?

Closure of pulmonic valve

Closure of the mitral valve

Ventricular gallop

Atrial gallop

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Ventricular gallop is another name for the S3 sound, which is a low-pitched sound heard at the end of diastole, just after the S2 sound. It is caused by the rapid filling of the ventricles and the vibration of the ventricular walls.

Closure of the pulmonic valve is one of the components of the S2 sound, which is a high-pitched sound heard at the end of the systole, just before the S1 sound. It is caused by the closure of the semilunar valves (pulmonic and aortic).

Closure of the mitral valve is one of the components of the S1 sound, which is a high-pitched sound heard at the beginning of systole, just after the S2 sound. It is caused by the closure of the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid).

d. Atrial gallop is another name for the S4 sound, which is a low-pitched sound heard at the end of diastole, just before the S1 sound. It is caused by atrial contraction and increased resistance to ventricular filling.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The priority nursing action is to notify the provider of the client's allergy because shellfish allergy may indicate an allergy to iodine, which is commonly used as a contrast dye in cardiac catheterization. This could cause a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis during the procedure, which could be life-threatening. The provider may need to order a diﬀerent type of contrast dye or premedicate the client with antihistamines or steroids to prevent an allergic reaction.

a. Ask the client if any other foods cause such a reaction is wrong because it is not the priority action and it does not address the potential risk of iodine allergy.

c. Notify the dietary department of the client's allergy is wrong because it is not relevant to the cardiac catheterization and it does not prevent an allergic reaction during the procedure.

d. Atach a wrist band indicating the client's allergy is wrong because it is not sufficient to alert the provider or the catheterization team of the client's allergy and it does not prevent an allergic reaction during the procedure.

Correct Answer is ["8"]

Explanation

To calculate the volume to administer, the nurse should use the following formula:

Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL) x 1000

Plugging in the given values, the nurse should get:

Volume (mL) = 400 mg / 250 mg/5 mL x 1000

Volume (mL) = 8 mL

The nurse should round the answer to the nearest whole number and use a leading zero if it applies. Therefore, the nurse should administer 8 mL of valproic acid per dose.

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A nurse is performing a cardiac assessment on a client and auscultates an S3 sound. The nurse should recognize that this sound represents which of the following heart conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse asks a client who is about to have a cardiac catheterization about any allergies. The client states, "I always get a rash when I eat shellfish." Which of the following is the priority nursing action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer valproic acid 400 mg PO bid for migraine headaches. Available is valproic acid 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["8"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) to treat angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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