A nurse is planning care for a client who reports increasing difficulty swallowing food. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take?
Instruct the client to lie down after a meal.
Encourage the client to rest prior to mealtimes.
Turn on the client's television during meals.
Place the client into a semi-reclined position for meals.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Instruct the client to lie down after a meal: Lying down after meals increases the risk of aspiration in clients with difficulty swallowing. It impairs gravity-assisted esophageal emptying and allows food or liquids to reflux, increasing the chance of choking or aspiration pneumonia.
B. Encourage the client to rest prior to mealtimes: Resting before meals conserves the client's energy, allowing them to focus on eating slowly and carefully, which promotes safer swallowing. Fatigue increases the risk of aspiration because muscle coordination during swallowing becomes impaired.
C. Turn on the client's television during meals: Turning on the television is a distraction that can reduce the client’s attention during chewing and swallowing. This lack of focus increases the risk of aspiration or choking, especially in clients with dysphagia.
D. Place the client into a semi-reclined position for meals: A semi-reclined position may hinder proper swallowing mechanics and promote aspiration. Clients with swallowing difficulty should ideally be in an upright 90-degree sitting position to reduce aspiration risk during meals.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. 1/2 cup instant mashed potatoes: Instant mashed potatoes provide only a small amount of calcium, typically around 10–20 mg per serving. While they may be fortified with some nutrients, they are not considered a significant source of calcium and should not be relied on as an alternative to dairy for individuals with calcium needs.
B. 1/2 cup chopped tomatoes: Chopped tomatoes are very low in calcium, offering roughly 10 mg per 1/2 cup serving. Although tomatoes contain beneficial vitamins like vitamin C and antioxidants such as lycopene, they do not contribute meaningfully to daily calcium intake and are not suitable substitutes for calcium-rich foods.
C. 1/4 cup quinoa: Quinoa provides a modest amount of calcium—approximately 20–30 mg per 1/4 cup cooked. While it is a good plant-based protein and contains other minerals like magnesium and iron, its calcium content is not high enough to be considered a top alternative for those avoiding dairy.
D. 1/2 cup almonds: Almonds contain the highest amount of calcium among the listed options, with about 185–200 mg per 1/2 cup serving. They are an excellent non-dairy source of calcium, especially useful for clients with lactose intolerance or dairy allergies. In addition to calcium, almonds provide healthy fats, fiber, and magnesium, making them a nutritious alternative.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Limits red meat intake to two servings a month: Limiting red meat intake is a protective dietary behavior when it comes to cancer prevention. High consumption of red and processed meats has been linked to colorectal and other cancers. Two servings a month is relatively low and does not place the client at increased risk, but rather may help reduce cancer risk.
B. Eats six servings of whole grains daily: Whole grains contain dietary fiber, antioxidants, and phytochemicals that support digestive health and reduce inflammation, which may protect against certain cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. Eating six servings of whole grains daily is consistent with cancer-preventive nutritional guidelines.
C. Eats at least five servings of fruits and vegetables daily: Fruits and vegetables provide essential vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytonutrients that have cancer-fighting properties. A daily intake of at least five servings supports immune function, cellular repair, and may reduce the risk of various types of cancer, including stomach and lung cancers.
D. Limits alcohol consumption to two drinks per day: Consuming up to two alcoholic drinks daily may still increase cancer risk, especially for breast, liver, esophageal, and colorectal cancers. The safest approach in cancer prevention is to avoid alcohol or limit it to no more than one drink per day for women.
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