A nurse is preparing to administer cefixime 200 mg PO. Available is cefixime oral suspension 100 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) typically presents with hyperglycemia, dehydration, fruity breath odor, Kussmaul respirations, and nausea/vomiting. While lightheadedness may occur, sweating and shakiness are not primary features of DKA.

B. The client’s symptoms—sweating, tachycardia, lightheadedness, and shakiness—are classic signs of hypoglycemia. In type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia can occur due to excess insulin, missed meals, or increased physical activity. Prompt recognition and intervention (e.g., administering fast-acting carbohydrates) are crucial to prevent seizures, loss of consciousness, or death.

C. Diabetic nephropathy develops over time as a chronic complication of poorly controlled diabetes and is characterized by proteinuria, edema, and hypertension. It does not cause acute symptoms like sweating, shakiness, or lightheadedness.

D. Hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes can cause polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and blurred vision, but it does not typically produce diaphoresis, shakiness, or tachycardia. These are hallmark signs of hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia.

A. Patchy hair loss can result from excessive scratching, secondary bacterial infection, or other scalp disorders (for example, tinea capitis or alopecia areata). While lice-related scratching can contribute to hair breakage or localized hair loss, hair loss alone is not diagnostic of pediculosis capitis and requires further inspection.

B. Intense pruritus is a common symptom of head lice because the host mounts an allergic response to louse saliva. However, itching is nonspecific, many scalp conditions (dandruff, eczema, fungal infections, dermatitis) cause itching, so it cannot definitively establish the diagnosis by itself.

C. These findings are characteristic of secondary bacterial infection of the skin, such as impetigo, not of an uncomplicated lice infestation. Although scratching from lice can lead to skin breakdown and secondary infection, crusted, purulent lesions indicate infection that needs separate treatment and are not the hallmark of pediculosis capitis.

D. The presence of nits (lice eggs) attached firmly to the hair shaft near the scalp is the definitive sign of pediculosis capitis. Nits do not flake off like dandruff and are the key diagnostic indicator.