A nurse is preparing to administer the first measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) immunization to 15-month-old toddler. Which of the following findings is a contraindication for this immunization?

A.Toddlers experience slowed growth compared to infancy, leading to a natural decrease in appetite (physiologic anorexia). Instead of increasing caloric intake, parents should be encouraged to offer nutrient-dense foods in small, frequent meals and avoid pressuring the child to eat.

B.Tantrums are common in toddlers as they begin to assert independence but struggle with emotional regulation. Parents should use strategies such as remaining calm, setting clear limits, offering choices when appropriate, and using positive reinforcement to help manage tantrums effectively.

C.Establishing trust is a key developmental task of infancy (Erikson’s trust vs. mistrust stage). In toddlerhood (autonomy vs. shame and doubt stage), the focus is on developing independence, so guidance should focus on setting boundaries, providing choices, and allowing safe exploration rather than trust-building alone.

D.Cooperative play is typically aimed at older preschoolers and not toddlers, who are still developing social skills and tend to engage in parallel play rather than cooperative play.

E.Early dental hygiene is crucial for preventing cavities and establishing good oral health habits. Parents should begin brushing their toddler's teeth with a soft toothbrush and a small amount of fluoride toothpaste and schedule the first dental visit by 12 months of age or within 6 months of the first tooth eruption.

At the age of 3, children typically start to develop better balance and coordination. They may be able to stand on one foot for a short period of time, although their ability to maintain balance may vary.

Walking backward heel to toe, skipping, and hopping on one foot are typically achieved around the age of 4-5 years.

As for vocabulary, a 3-year-old child may have a vocabulary of approximately 300-500 words, although the exact number can vary. A vocabulary of 1500 words is more commonly seen in older children.