A nurse is planning care for a 10-year-old child who will be hospitalized for an extended period of time. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to meet the client's psychosocial needs according to Erikson?
Discourage visits from the client's friends
Provide a daily session with a play therapist
Encourage the client to complete school work
Vary the child's schedule each day
The Correct Answer is C
According to Erikson's theory, the psychosocial task for this age group is industry versus inferiority, where children develop a sense of competence and accomplishment through mastering tasks. By supporting the child's educational activities and encouraging them to complete school work, the nurse helps promote a sense of industry and competence.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. It’s usually best to build trust and rapport first with non-invasive assessments. Starting with a potentially uncomfortable procedure like looking in the ears may cause distress and make the rest of the exam more difficult.
B.Examining the tympanic membrane before the head and neck might still be too early in the assessment and could cause the child to become uncooperative for subsequent steps. If the child becomes upset, it could complicate the rest of the physical exam, making it harder to complete.
C.Performing the ear examination at the end allows the nurse to build trust and rapport throughout the visit. The child is less likely to become distressed too early in the exam, which helps maintain cooperation for as long as possible.If the child does become upset, it is at the end of the visit, and the more critical assessments have already been completed.
D.If the ear exam causes distress, it may make the child uncooperative for important assessments like auscultating the heart and lungs.
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
A.Toddlers experience slowed growth compared to infancy, leading to a natural decrease in appetite (physiologic anorexia). Instead of increasing caloric intake, parents should be encouraged to offer nutrient-dense foods in small, frequent meals and avoid pressuring the child to eat.
B.Tantrums are common in toddlers as they begin to assert independence but struggle with emotional regulation. Parents should use strategies such as remaining calm, setting clear limits, offering choices when appropriate, and using positive reinforcement to help manage tantrums effectively.
C.Establishing trust is a key developmental task of infancy (Erikson’s trust vs. mistrust stage). In toddlerhood (autonomy vs. shame and doubt stage), the focus is on developing independence, so guidance should focus on setting boundaries, providing choices, and allowing safe exploration rather than trust-building alone.
D.Cooperative play is typically aimed at older preschoolers and not toddlers, who are still developing social skills and tend to engage in parallel play rather than cooperative play.
E.Early dental hygiene is crucial for preventing cavities and establishing good oral health habits. Parents should begin brushing their toddler's teeth with a soft toothbrush and a small amount of fluoride toothpaste and schedule the first dental visit by 12 months of age or within 6 months of the first tooth eruption.
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