A nurse is providing education to a group of parents about hemophilia.
Which statement by one of the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

Choice A rationale:

Hemophilia A and hemophilia B are both types of hemophilia, but hemophilia A is actually less common than hemophilia B.

The prevalence of hemophilia A is about 1 in 5,000 males, whereas hemophilia B occurs in about 1 in 25,000 males.

Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

Choice B rationale:

Hemophilia is not inherited through a defective gene on the Y chromosome.

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder, which means it is caused by a mutation in genes located on the X chromosome, not the Y chromosome.

This statement is incorrect.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is correct.

Males inherit hemophilia from their mothers who carry the defective gene on one of their X chromosomes.

However, it's important to note that females can also be carriers of the gene and can pass it on to their sons.

This statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is incorrect.

While it is very rare for females to have hemophilia, it is not impossible.

Females can inherit hemophilia if they have two affected X chromosomes or if they inherit one affected X chromosome and one affected Y chromosome.

Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.

Choice A rationale:

"It's just a minor issue, and the pain will go away on its own." This statement is not appropriate because joint pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion in a client with hemophilia, known as hemarthrosis, can lead to long-term joint damage and disability if not properly managed.

Downplaying the issue is not in the best interest of the client and may lead to inadequate care.

Choice B rationale:

"Let's apply ice to the affected joint to reduce the swelling." While applying ice to an inflamed joint can help reduce swelling in some cases, it may not be the best immediate approach for a client with hemophilia.

Ice application should be done with caution, as it can potentially worsen bleeding in individuals with hemophilia.

The primary focus should be on assessing the severity of the bleeding, providing appropriate pain management, and consulting with a healthcare provider.

Choice C rationale:

"I'll assess your joint and provide pain management as needed." This is the most appropriate response.

The nurse should assess the client's joint for signs of hemarthrosis, such as swelling, warmth, and reduced range of motion.

Prompt assessment allows for early intervention to manage the bleeding and alleviate pain.

Providing pain management as needed, which may include analgesic medications, is essential to improve the client's comfort and prevent further complications.

Choice D rationale:

"You should perform strenuous exercises to improve joint mobility." Encouraging strenuous exercises in a client with hemophilia who is already experiencing joint pain and swelling is not advisable.

Strenuous exercise can exacerbate bleeding and joint damage.

Instead, the focus should be on gentle range-of-motion exercises and physical therapy, guided by a healthcare provider, to improve joint mobility without increasing the risk of bleeding.