A nurse is providing nutrition teaching to a client who has hyperlipidemia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client lower cholesterol levels?

Select meat that is 50% lean.

Substitute frozen custard for ice cream.

Eat fatty fish once a week.

Choose cheese containing 3 g of fat per serving.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Select meat that is 50% lean: Meats that are 50% lean are still high in fat and should be avoided in a diet aimed at lowering cholesterol. The nurse should encourage the client to choose lean cuts of meat or plant-based protein sources instead.

B. Substitute frozen custard for ice cream: Both frozen custard and ice cream are high in fat and sugar, making them poor choices for lowering cholesterol. The nurse should suggest alternatives like low-fat or non-fat frozen yogurt or fruit-based desserts.

C. Eat fatty fish once a week: Fatty fish, such as salmon, mackerel, or sardines, is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to help lower cholesterol levels and improve heart health. This is an appropriate recommendation for clients with hyperlipidemia.

D. Choose cheese containing 3 g of fat per serving: Even cheese with 3 grams of fat per serving can be high in saturated fat, which can increase cholesterol levels. The nurse should recommend lower-fat cheese options or suggest limiting cheese intake to help lower cholesterol.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperreflexia: Hyperreflexia (overactive reflexes) is typically associated with hypocalcemia (low calcium levels), not hypercalcemia. Elevated calcium levels tend to depress neurological excitability.

B. Muscle twitching: Muscle twitching is more commonly associated with hypocalcemia. Elevated calcium levels generally reduce neuromuscular excitability, making twitching less likely.

C. Diarrhea: While hypercalcemia can sometimes cause gastrointestinal disturbances, including constipation, diarrhea is more commonly associated with conditions like infections or irritations rather than high calcium levels.

D. Lethargy: Lethargy or fatigue is a common finding in clients with hypercalcemia. Elevated calcium levels can depress the central nervous system, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, confusion, and lethargy.

A. Hypoglycemia B. Flushed skin C. Acrocyanosis D. Respiratory rate 40/min

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypoglycemia: Hyperthermia in a newborn is not directly linked to hypoglycemia. However, overheating can lead to increased metabolism, and in some cases, it could exacerbate metabolic issues, but it is not a primary cause of hypoglycemia.

B. Flushed skin: Flushed skin is a common sign of hyperthermia. When the newborn's body temperature rises above the normal range, the skin may appear red or flushed as a result of the body’s attempt to regulate heat through increased blood flow.

C. Acrocyanosis: Acrocyanosis is typically a sign of cold stress, not hyperthermia. It refers to a bluish color of the hands and feet due to poor circulation and is more commonly seen when a newborn is cold.

D. Respiratory rate 40/min: A respiratory rate of 40/min is within the normal range for a newborn. An elevated respiratory rate would be expected if the newborn was in distress or overheated, but a rate of 40/min is normal and does not specifically indicate hyperthermia.

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A nurse is providing nutrition teaching to a client who has hyperlipidemia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client lower cholesterol levels?

Nursing Test Bank

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