A nurse is providing tips to the parents of a toddler who is experiencing acute diarrhea.
Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further explanation?
"I will avoid giving my child fruit juice until the diarrhea resolves.”.
"I will offer small amounts of oral rehydration solution frequently.”.
"I should give over-the-counter antidiarrheal medicine to stop the stools.”.
"I will continue offering my child her usual foods as tolerated.”.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Avoiding fruit juice is a helpful recommendation because fruit juices are often high in simple sugars, which can draw water into the bowel and potentially worsen diarrhea. This statement indicates a good understanding of dietary management for diarrhea.
Choice B rationale
Offering small amounts of oral rehydration solution frequently is a crucial aspect of managing acute diarrhea in toddlers to prevent dehydration by replacing lost fluids and electrolytes. This demonstrates appropriate knowledge of fluid management.
Choice C rationale
Giving over-the-counter antidiarrheal medicine to stop the stools is generally not recommended for toddlers with acute diarrhea without specific guidance from a healthcare provider. These medications can sometimes mask underlying issues or have adverse effects in young children. This statement indicates a need for further explanation regarding safe medication use.
Choice D rationale
Continuing to offer the child their usual foods as tolerated is generally advised to maintain nutritional intake during diarrhea. Bland foods like toast, rice, bananas, and applesauce are often well-tolerated. This shows an understanding of appropriate dietary progression.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring for signs of infection is crucial in children with spina bifida due to the potential for meningitis and urinary tract infections related to neurological deficits and potential openings in the spinal cord. Normal white blood cell count ranges from 4,500 to 11,000 per microliter, and fever, redness, swelling, or purulent drainage would indicate infection.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging mobility is important to promote development and prevent complications like contractures. However, in the immediate postoperative period or with significant neurological impairment, maintaining skin integrity takes precedence to prevent infection and further complications.
Choice C rationale
Providing nutritional support is essential for growth and development in children with spina bifida, who may have feeding difficulties or increased metabolic needs. Adequate nutrition supports overall health, but preventing skin breakdown in areas prone to pressure is a more immediate concern.
Choice D rationale
Maintaining skin integrity is the most important intervention because children with spina bifida often have sensory and motor deficits that make them susceptible to pressure ulcers, especially over bony prominences and the surgical site if a myelomeningocele repair has occurred. Skin breakdown can lead to serious infections and complications.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Oral contraceptive pills primarily work by suppressing ovulation and thinning the uterine lining, leading to lighter and less painful periods. While effective for dysmenorrhea, they are not typically the first-line treatment for a 12-year-old experiencing recent onset, as other less hormonally impactful options are usually tried first.
Choice B rationale
Increasing dairy intake primarily impacts bone health due to its calcium content. While calcium plays a role in muscle function, there is no strong scientific evidence directly linking increased dairy consumption to the reduction of menstrual pain caused by prostaglandins and uterine contractions in dysmenorrhea.
Choice C rationale
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which are key mediators of inflammation and pain. During menstruation, the uterus releases prostaglandins, causing contractions and pain. By blocking prostaglandin synthesis, NSAIDs effectively reduce the intensity of menstrual cramps. The medical term for severe pain during menstruation is dysmenorrhea.
Choice D rationale
Applying a heating pad to the abdomen provides localized warmth, which can help to relax the smooth muscles of the uterus and increase blood flow. This can offer symptomatic relief from menstrual cramps by reducing muscle spasms and alleviating discomfort, but it does not address the underlying physiological cause of dysmenorrhea.
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