A nurse is caring for a child with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Which dietary change should the nurse recommend?
Increase citrus foods.
Decrease fatty foods.
Encourage spicy foods.
Limit fiber intake.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Citrus foods are acidic and can irritate the esophagus, potentially worsening reflux symptoms in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Increasing citrus intake is generally not recommended.
Choice B rationale
Fatty foods tend to delay gastric emptying, which can increase the risk and duration of reflux episodes. Decreasing the intake of fatty foods can help reduce GERD symptoms by allowing the stomach to empty more quickly.
Choice C rationale
Spicy foods can irritate the lining of the esophagus and exacerbate reflux symptoms in individuals with GERD. Encouraging the consumption of spicy foods is generally contraindicated.
Choice D rationale
Fiber promotes healthy digestion and typically does not worsen GERD symptoms. In some cases, adequate fiber intake can even be beneficial. Limiting fiber intake is not a standard dietary recommendation for children with GERD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by honey-crusted sores, often around the nose and mouth. While it can cause itching, the linear arrangement of papules is not typical of impetigo.
Choice B rationale
Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp, causing scaly, itchy patches and potential hair loss. It does not typically present as linear papules on the skin.
Choice C rationale
Scabies is an infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows under the skin, laying eggs and causing intense itching, often worse at night. The characteristic lesions are small, erythematous papules that frequently appear in linear patterns due to the mite burrowing. Close contact in crowded environments like daycare facilitates transmission.
Choice D rationale
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the deeper layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by redness, warmth, swelling, and pain. It does not typically present as small, linear papules. .
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Corn is naturally gluten-free and is generally safe for individuals with celiac disease to consume. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
Choice B rationale
Rice, in all its forms (white, brown, wild), is naturally gluten-free and is a staple grain in the diet of individuals with celiac disease. It does not contain the gliadin protein that triggers the autoimmune response in celiac disease.
Choice C rationale
Wheat contains gluten, specifically the gliadin fraction, which triggers the damaging autoimmune response in the small intestine of individuals with celiac disease. Therefore, all products containing wheat, including bread, pasta, and many processed foods, must be strictly avoided.
Choice D rationale
Oats are naturally gluten-free; however, they are often processed in facilities that also handle wheat, barley, or rye, leading to cross-contamination. While certified gluten-free oats are available, regular oats may not be safe for individuals with celiac disease due to this risk of contamination.
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