A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has been treated for alcohol use disorder and is being discharged. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe for relapse prevention?

Rationale:

A. Librium: Librium (chlordiazepoxide) is a benzodiazepine used primarily during alcohol withdrawal to manage symptoms such as anxiety, tremors, or seizures. It is not used for long-term relapse prevention due to the risk of dependence and lack of deterrent effect on alcohol use.

B. Clonidine: Clonidine is an antihypertensive agent that can help reduce autonomic symptoms during acute alcohol or opioid withdrawal. However, it does not play a role in preventing relapse or deterring future alcohol use.

C. Disulfiram: Disulfiram works by producing unpleasant effects like nausea and vomiting when alcohol is consumed, thereby discouraging the client from drinking. It is specifically used for relapse prevention in clients who are motivated to remain abstinent and understand the consequences of drinking while on the medication.

D. Phenobarbital: Phenobarbital, a barbiturate, may be used in certain alcohol withdrawal protocols for seizure control or severe withdrawal symptoms. However, it is not used for relapse prevention and carries a high potential for dependence and sedation.

Rationale:

A. Paranoid personality disorder: This disorder is marked by distrust and suspicion of others, but it is not closely associated with the development of anorexia nervosa. It does not typically involve the rigid control over food and body image seen in eating disorders.

B. Schizotypal personality disorder: While schizotypal personality disorder involves social anxiety and eccentric behaviors, it is more aligned with psychotic spectrum disorders than with the rigid and perfectionistic traits commonly seen in anorexia nervosa.

C. History of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: ADHD may be more associated with impulsive eating behaviors and a higher risk for binge eating or bulimia nervosa, rather than the restrictive and perfectionistic traits seen in anorexia nervosa.

D. History of obsessive-compulsive disorder: OCD is a significant risk factor for anorexia nervosa due to the overlap in obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. Individuals with OCD often display rigid routines, perfectionism, and intrusive thoughts about food, body image, and control—all of which are common features in anorexia.