A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who reports constipation. Which of the following should the nurse discuss as causes of constipation? (Select all that apply.)

Ignoring the urge to defecate

Increased fiber in the diet

Excessive laxative use

Increased activity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C

Choice A reason: Ignoring the urge to defecate is a cause of constipation, as it can lead to hardening and accumulation of stool in the colon. The nurse should advise the client to respond to the urge to defecate as soon as possible and to establish a regular bowel routine.

Choice B reason: Increased fiber in the diet is not a cause of constipation, but rather a prevention measure. Fiber helps to soften the stool and increase its bulk, which facilitates its passage through the colon. The nurse should encourage the client to consume adequate amounts of fiber from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

Choice C reason: Excessive laxative use is a cause of constipation, as it can interfere with the normal functioning of the colon and cause dependency. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid using laxatives unless prescribed by the provider and to use them only for a short period of time.

Choice D reason: Increased activity is not a cause of constipation, but rather a prevention measure. Activity helps to stimulate the peristalsis of the colon and promote bowel movements. The nurse should recommend the client to engage in moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes a day

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The pulmonary artery is the large blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for gas exchange. It is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood in the body.

Choice B reason: The pulmonary veins are the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. They are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood in the body.

Choice C reason: The left ventricle is the chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through the aorta. It does not directly connect to the lungs.

Choice D reason: The left atrium is the chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins. It does not directly connect to the right ventricle.

A. Hypertension B. Cerebral edema C. Muscle weakness D. Hyperactive bowel sounds

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. Muscle weakness.

Choice A: Hypertension

Reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not a typical manifestation of hypokalemia. Hypokalemia primarily affects muscle function and the nervous system. While potassium imbalances can influence blood pressure, hypertension is more commonly associated with hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) rather than hypokalemia.

Choice B: Cerebral Edema

Reason: Cerebral edema, which is swelling of the brain, is not a known manifestation of hypokalemia. Hypokalemia affects muscle and nerve function, but it does not directly cause cerebral edema. This condition is more related to severe head injuries, infections, or other medical conditions.

Choice C: Muscle Weakness

Reason: Muscle weakness is a common and significant manifestation of hypokalemia. Potassium is crucial for muscle function, and low levels can lead to muscle weakness, cramps, and even paralysis in severe cases. This is because potassium helps in the transmission of nerve signals to muscles, and a deficiency disrupts this process.

Choice D: Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

Reason: Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically associated with hypokalemia. In fact, hypokalemia can lead to decreased bowel motility, resulting in symptoms like constipation or ileus (a condition where the intestines do not move properly). This is due to the role of potassium in muscle contractions, including those in the digestive tract.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who reports constipation. Which of the following should the nurse discuss as causes of constipation? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about pulmonary circulation. The nurse should include that blood flows from the heart to the lungs from the right ventricle starting from which of the following locations?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypokalemia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: Hypertension

Choice B: Cerebral Edema

Choice C: Muscle Weakness

Choice D: Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

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