A nurse is reviewing a new medication order for a geriatric client. Which pharmacokinetic factor is most likely to be affected by the client's age?

Metabolism

Absorption

Distribution

Excretion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Metabolism: While hepatic metabolism can decrease with age, the reduction is often variable and depends on liver function. Some medications are metabolized efficiently even in older adults, so metabolism is not always the most significantly affected pharmacokinetic factor.

B. Absorption: Aging has minimal effect on gastrointestinal absorption. Most oral medications are absorbed similarly in geriatric clients as in younger adults, so absorption is generally not significantly altered.

C. Distribution: Age-related changes in body composition, such as increased fat and decreased lean body mass, can alter drug distribution. However, these changes primarily affect lipophilic drugs and are less universally impactful than excretion.

D. Excretion: Renal function declines with age due to decreased glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. This reduction significantly affects the elimination of many drugs, increasing the risk of drug accumulation and toxicity. Monitoring renal function is critical when dosing medications in geriatric clients.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Anemia: Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement used to treat iron-deficiency anemia. It provides the iron needed for hemoglobin synthesis, which increases red blood cell production and improves oxygen-carrying capacity.

B. Hypertension: Ferrous sulfate has no effect on blood pressure. Antihypertensive medications, such as ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers, are used to manage hypertension.

C. Hyperthyroidism: Ferrous sulfate does not treat thyroid disorders. Hyperthyroidism requires medications that regulate thyroid hormone production, such as methimazole or propylthiouracil.

D. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Ferrous sulfate is not indicated for autoimmune or inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biologics are typically used instead.

A. Becomes part of hemoglobin and myoglobin to help carry and store oxygen throughout the body B. Increases heart rate and blood pressure C. Promotes calcium absorption in the bones D. Enhances glucose metabolism

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Becomes part of hemoglobin and myoglobin to help carry and store oxygen throughout the body: Ferrous sulfate provides elemental iron, which is incorporated into hemoglobin and myoglobin. This increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and improves tissue oxygenation, directly addressing iron deficiency anemia.

B. Increases heart rate and blood pressure: Ferrous sulfate does not have a direct effect on heart rate or blood pressure. Any changes in cardiovascular function are typically secondary to correction of anemia, not a pharmacologic action of the drug itself.

C. Promotes calcium absorption in the bones: Calcium absorption is not influenced by iron supplementation. Ferrous sulfate specifically targets hemoglobin and iron stores, not bone metabolism.

D. Enhances glucose metabolism: Iron supplementation does not affect glucose metabolism. Its therapeutic effect is limited to restoring iron levels and improving oxygen transport in the body.

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A nurse is reviewing a new medication order for a geriatric client. Which pharmacokinetic factor is most likely to be affected by the client's age?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer ferrous sulfate to a patient. For which condition is the nurse administering this medication for?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with iron deficiency anemia has been prescribed ferrous sulfate. What is the expected pharmacologic action of ferrous sulfate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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