A nurse is reviewing the care plan for an adolescent client who has Crohn's disease with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements from the student indicates an understanding of the difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease? (Select All that Apply.)
"Crohn's disease primarily causes inflammation of the colon."
"Crohn's disease can cause inflammation in any part of the digestive tract."
"Crohn's causes continuous inflammation rather than the patches of inflammation."
"Ulcerative colitis affects the inner lining of the intestine."
"Ulcerative colitis causes inflammation through the entire intestinal wall."
Correct Answer : B,D
A. "Crohn's disease primarily causes inflammation of the colon.": Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, not just the colon. Limiting inflammation to the colon is more characteristic of ulcerative colitis.
B. "Crohn's disease can cause inflammation in any part of the digestive tract.": This statement is correct. Crohn's disease can involve any segment from the mouth to the anus, often in a patchy, transmural pattern, distinguishing it from ulcerative colitis.
C. "Crohn's causes continuous inflammation rather than the patches of inflammation.": Crohn's disease is characterized by patchy, “skip” lesions, whereas continuous inflammation is typical of ulcerative colitis.
D. "Ulcerative colitis affects the inner lining of the intestine.": This is accurate. Ulcerative colitis primarily affects the mucosa and submucosa of the colon and rectum, in contrast to Crohn's transmural involvement.
E. "Ulcerative colitis causes inflammation through the entire intestinal wall.": Transmural inflammation is a hallmark of Crohn's disease, not ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis usually affects only the superficial layers of the intestinal wall.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Provide the parents with pamphlets for support groups for children with developmental delays: While connecting families to support resources is important, this action is not the immediate priority before confirming or further evaluating the suspected delay.
B. Utilize social work for referral to early intervention: Referral to early intervention is essential, but the nurse must first communicate concerns and assessment findings to the primary care provider to initiate formal evaluation and referral.
C. Educate the parents on the developmental delays their child is diagnosed with: Education should follow formal diagnosis; at this point, the child has only suspected developmental delays, so education would be premature.
D. Discuss the assessment findings with the primary care provider: Sharing findings with the provider is the priority because it ensures the child receives a timely and appropriate diagnostic evaluation and any necessary referrals, forming the foundation for early intervention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Increased muscle tone: Hypertonia may occur later in recovery, but acute spinal cord injury often initially presents with flaccid paralysis rather than increased muscle tone.
B. Heightened reflex activity: Reflexes are typically diminished or absent below the level of injury in the acute phase, so heightened reflexes are not an early indicator of spinal cord injury.
C. Loss of function and reflexes below the affected area of the spine: Acute spinal cord injury commonly results in loss of motor and sensory function as well as absent reflexes below the level of injury, making this a primary clinical cue for assessment.
D. Normal bowel function: Bowel function is often impaired in spinal cord injury due to disruption of autonomic control. Normal function would not indicate the presence of spinal cord injury.
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