A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis.
The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
Hyperventilation.
Diarrhea.
Salicylate intoxication.
Vomiting.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Hyperventilation is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis, not a cause. It helps to eliminate carbon dioxide, a weak acid, to balance the pH.
Choice B rationale:
Diarrhea causes loss of bicarbonate, a base, from the body. This can lead to metabolic acidosis as there is an excess of acids.
Choice C rationale:
Salicylate intoxication can cause both respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis. However, it is not the most common cause of metabolic acidosis.
Choice D rationale:
Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid, a strong acid. This usually results in metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The medication should be dropped into the conjunctival sac, which is the space between the lower eyelid and the eyeball. This is the correct method for administering ophthalmic drops.
Choice B rationale:
The eyedropper should not touch any part of the eye, including the sclera, to avoid contamination and potential infection.
Choice C rationale:
It is not necessary to don sterile gloves when administering ophthalmic drops. Clean gloves or hand hygiene is sufficient.
Choice D rationale:
Rubbing the eye after instilling medication can cause irritation and may disperse the medication, reducing its effectiveness.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Obtaining the number of the client’s provider is not the immediate action to take. The client is showing signs of a possible stroke (right-sided weakness and slurred speech), which is a medical emergency.
Choice B rationale:
Finding a location for the client to sit is not the immediate action to take. The client needs medical attention immediately due to the signs of a possible stroke.
Choice C rationale:
Driving the client to the nearest emergency room is not the best action to take. It would be faster and safer to call emergency medical services who are trained to handle such situations.
Choice D rationale:
Calling emergency medical services is the correct action. The client is showing signs of a possible stroke, which requires immediate medical attention.
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