A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis.
The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
Hyperventilation.
Diarrhea.
Salicylate intoxication.
Vomiting.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Hyperventilation is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis, not a cause. It helps to eliminate carbon dioxide, a weak acid, to balance the pH.
Choice B rationale:
Diarrhea causes loss of bicarbonate, a base, from the body. This can lead to metabolic acidosis as there is an excess of acids.
Choice C rationale:
Salicylate intoxication can cause both respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis. However, it is not the most common cause of metabolic acidosis.
Choice D rationale:
Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid, a strong acid. This usually results in metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Low blood pressure (BP) is a symptom of hypovolemic shock due to decreased blood volume, but the pulse rate typically increases as the body tries to compensate for the low BP, not decrease.
Choice B rationale:
Hypovolemic shock is characterized by low BP due to loss of blood or fluid volume and a high pulse rate as the body tries to compensate for the decreased blood flow.
Choice C rationale:
High BP is not typically associated with hypovolemic shock. Instead, BP is usually low due to decreased blood volume.
Choice D rationale:
High BP is not typically a symptom of hypovolemic shock. While the pulse rate may be high as the body tries to compensate for low blood volume, the BP is usually low.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Veins do not carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, and arteries do not carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is incorrect. While it is true that veins carry deoxygenated blood, they carry it toward the heart, not away from it. Similarly, arteries carry oxygenated blood, but they carry it away from the heart, not toward it.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is correct. In the circulatory system, veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart, while arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Veins do not carry oxygenated blood toward the heart, and arteries do not carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart.
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