A nurse is reviewing the PT/INR and aPTT laboratory values for a client who is experiencing an acute episode of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect?

The laboratory values are increased

The laboratory values are decreased

The laboratory values are within the expected reference range

The laboratory values are the same as the previous test values

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The laboratory values are increased: In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), both the prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are typically increased because excessive clotting leads to the consumption of clotting factors, which results in prolonged clotting times.

B. The laboratory values are decreased: A decrease in PT/INR and aPTT would indicate that blood clotting is occurring faster than normal, which is not consistent with DIC. In DIC, the clotting factors are consumed, which results in prolonged clotting times, not shorter.

C. The laboratory values are within the expected reference range: If PT/INR and aPTT are within the normal range, it would not be expected in a case of DIC. DIC causes abnormal results, including increased clotting times, not normal results.

D. The laboratory values are the same as the previous test values: In DIC, the lab values would not be expected to remain unchanged. As the condition progresses, there should be notable changes in PT/INR and aPTT due to the ongoing consumption of clotting factors.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): The client is apneic with no palpable pulses, indicating cardiac arrest. The immediate priority is to begin CPR to provide chest compressions and ventilation, which is essential for maintaining circulation and oxygenation.

B. Provide supplemental O2 via non-rebreather mask: While oxygen is crucial, the primary concern is restoring circulation and ensuring oxygenation through CPR. Oxygen administration alone won't address the lack of circulation, CPR should be started first.

C. Give atropine per agency dysrhythmia protocol: Atropine is typically used for bradycardia, not sinus tachycardia. The client's apneic state and lack of pulses indicate a more severe issue, such as cardiac arrest, which requires immediate CPR, not atropine.

D. Perform synchronized cardioversion: Synchronized cardioversion is used for specific arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia with a pulse. Since the client has no pulse, defibrillation (if indicated) or CPR should be initiated first, not synchronized cardioversion.

A. "The purpose of this device is to allow for neck movement during the healing process” B. "Apply talcum powder under the vest to limit friction” C. "Turn the screws on the device once each day." D. "The purpose of this device is to immobilize the cervical spine”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "The purpose of this device is to allow for neck movement during the healing process": The purpose of the halo fixation device is to immobilize the cervical spine to promote healing and prevent further injury. It restricts neck movement to stabilize the spine.

B. "Apply talcum powder under the vest to limit friction": Applying talcum powder under the vest is not recommended as it can cause skin irritation and interfere with the fit of the device. It is better to keep the area clean and dry to prevent skin breakdown.

C. "Turn the screws on the device once each day": The screws on a halo device should never be turned by the family or the patient. Adjusting the screws is a medical procedure that should only be done by a healthcare provider to ensure proper alignment and prevent further injury.

D. "The purpose of this device is to immobilize the cervical spine": The primary function of the halo fixation device is to immobilize the cervical spine following a spinal cord injury, allowing the vertebrae to heal properly while minimizing the risk of further damage.

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A nurse is reviewing the PT/INR and aPTT laboratory values for a client who is experiencing an acute episode of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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