A nurse is reviewing the records of several clients to determine cervical cancer screening recommendations. Which of the following clients should the nurse refer for a Papanicolaou (Pap) test?
A 21-year-old client who had a normal Pap test one year ago.
A 32-year-old client who had a total vaginal hysterectomy last year.
A 47-year-old client who had a negative combined Pap and HPV test 5 years ago.
A 15-year-old client who recently completed the vaccine series for human
The Correct Answer is A
A. A 21-year-old client who had a normal Pap test one year ago. The American Cancer Society (ACS) and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommend that cervical cancer screening (Pap test) begin at age 21, regardless of sexual history. Screening should be done every 3 years for individuals aged 21-29, assuming results are normal. Since this client had a Pap test one year ago, they do not need immediate screening but should follow the standard 3-year interval.
B. A 32-year-old client who had a total vaginal hysterectomy last year. A total hysterectomy (removal of the uterus and cervix) for non-cancerous reasons generally means that Pap tests are no longer necessary. However, if the hysterectomy was due to cervical cancer, continued screening might be needed.
C. A 47-year-old client who had a negative combined Pap and HPV test 5 years ago. For clients 30-65 years old, Pap tests can be done every 3 years OR combined Pap and HPV (co-testing) every 5 years. Since this client had a negative co-test 5 years ago, they are due for screening now, but they would not have been referred earlier.
D. A 15-year-old client who recently completed the vaccine series for human papillomavirus (HPV). The HPV vaccine does not replace the need for Pap tests but helps reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Routine Pap testing does NOT begin before age 21, so this client does not yet need screening.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Stop the transfusion. The first action is to stop the transfusion to prevent further fluid overload.
B. Place the client in high-Fowler's position. This position reduces venous return to the heart and improves breathing and oxygenation.
C. Obtain a prescription for a diuretic. Diuretics (e.g., furosemide) help remove excess fluid, relieving pulmonary congestion and reducing strain on the heart.
D. Administer oxygen to the client. Oxygen helps relieve hypoxia caused by fluid buildup in the lungs.
E. Administer epinephrine to the client. Epinephrine is used for anaphylactic reactions, not circulatory overload. There is no indication of an allergic reaction in this scenario.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Grasps the catheter 10.16 to 12.7 cm (4 to 5 in) from the tip The catheter should be held at least 5 to 7.6 cm (2 to 3 inches) from the tip to maintain better control and prevent contamination.
B. Cleanses the meatus using a clean cotton ball Aseptic technique requires a separate antiseptic swab or cotton ball for each stroke to avoid introducing bacteria.
C. Cleanses the meatus from the center in a circular motion Cleaning from the center outward prevents introducing bacteria into the urethra, which is essential for infection prevention.
D. Applies clean gloves before beginning the procedure Sterile gloves, not clean gloves, must be used during catheterization to maintain aseptic technique.
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