A nurse is teaching a client how to draw up regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Inject air into the regular insulin first.
Shake the NPH insulin until it is well mixed.
Draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe first.
Discard regular insulin that appears cloudy.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. When mixing regular (clear) and NPH (cloudy) insulin, air should be injected into the NPH vial first, then into the regular insulin vial. This prevents contamination of the regular insulin with NPH insulin.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because the nurse should not shake the NPH insulin vial, but rather roll it gently between the palms to mix it. Shaking can cause bubbles and affect the accuracy of the dose.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because the nurse should draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first, then the NPH insulin. This prevents mixing of the NPH insulin with the regular insulin in the vial.
Choice D reason: This is correct. Regular insulin should always be clear. If it appears cloudy, it may be contaminated or expired and should be discarded.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because insulin glargine has a longer duration than 6 to 10 hr. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady and continuous level of insulin in the blood. It is usually given once daily at the same time.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because insulin glargine has a longer duration than 3 to 6 hr. Insulin glargine is not a short-acting or rapid-acting insulin that peaks quickly and lasts for a few hours. It is a long-acting insulin that does not have a peak and lasts for up to 24 hr.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because insulin glargine has a longer duration than 16 to 24 hr. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that can last for up to 24 hr, but not more than that. It is not an ultra-long-acting insulin that can last for more than 24 hr.
Choice D reason: This is correct because insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady and continuous level of insulin in the blood. It is usually given once daily at the same time.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not affect each other's effectiveness, but rather their side effects. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that enhances the effect of nitric oxide, which causes vasodilation and increases blood flow to the penis. Nitrates are vasodilators that also increase nitric oxide levels and reduce the workload of the heart.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not cause a significant increase in pulse rate, but rather a decrease. This is because the vasodilation caused by both drugs lowers the blood pressure and the cardiac output, which reduces the heart rate.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not increase the risk of bleeding, unless they are combined with other drugs that affect the blood clotting process, such as anticoagulants or antiplatelets.
Choice D reason: This is correct because sildenafil and nitrates can cause a significant decrease in blood pressure when taken together, as they both cause vasodilation and increase nitric oxide levels. This can lead to hypotension, dizziness, fainting, or even a heart attack or stroke. The patient should avoid taking sildenafil and nitrates within 24 hours of each other.
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