A patient who has type 2 diabetes is scheduled for an oral endoscopy and has been NPO (nothing by mouth) since midnight. What is the best action by the nurse regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drugs?
Withhold all medications as ordered.
Contact the prescriber to clarify orders.
Administer half the original dose.
Give the medication with a sip of water.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because withholding all medications may cause hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis in the patient, especially if they are taking insulin or sulfonylureas. The nurse should consult with the prescriber to adjust the dose or timing of the medications according to the patient's blood glucose level and the duration of the procedure.
Choice B reason: This is correct because contacting the prescriber to clarify orders is the best action by the nurse, as the prescriber can provide specific instructions on how to manage the patient's oral antidiabetic drugs before and after the oral endoscopy. The nurse should also monitor the patient's blood glucose level closely and report any abnormal findings to the prescriber.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because administering half the original dose may not be appropriate for the patient, as it may cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia depending on the type and dose of the medication and the patient's blood glucose level. The nurse should not make any changes to the medication regimen without the prescriber's approval.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because giving the medication with a sip of water may violate the NPO status of the patient, which is necessary to prevent aspiration or interference with the oral endoscopy. The nurse should not administer any oral medications or fluids to the patient unless the prescriber allows it.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because alendronate is not safe during pregnancy, as it may harm the fetus or cause birth defects. The client should inform the provider if they are pregnant or planning to become pregnant before taking this medication.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because the client should not lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking alendronate, as this may cause esophageal irritation, ulceration, or bleeding. The client should take alendronate with a full glass of water and swallow it whole, without chewing or crushing.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because the client should not continue smoking while on alendronate, as smoking can worsen the bone loss and increase the risk of fractures. The client should quit smoking or reduce the amount of cigarettes they smoke.
Choice D reason: This is correct because the client should avoid alcohol with alendronate, as alcohol can also worsen the bone loss and increase the risk of fractures. Alcohol can also interact with alendronate and cause side effects, such as stomach upset, drowsiness, or liver damage.
Choice E reason: This is correct because the client should sit up for at least 30 minutes after taking alendronate, as this can prevent the medication from refluxing back into the esophagus and causing irritation, ulceration, or bleeding. The client should also avoid eating or drinking anything other than water for at least 30 minutes after taking alendronate, as this can reduce its absorption and effectiveness.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hyperkalemia is not the correct answer. Hyperkalemia is a high level of potassium in the blood. Corticosteroids do not cause hyperkalemia, but rather hypokalemia. Hyperkalemia may be caused by other factors such as renal failure, acidosis, or potassium-sparing diuretics.
Choice B reason: Hypokalemia is the correct answer. Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium in the blood. Corticosteroids can cause hypokalemia by increasing the excretion of potassium and sodium in the urine. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, cramps, arrhythmias, and digoxin toxicity.
Choice C reason: Hypermagnesemia is not the correct answer. Hypermagnesemia is a high level of magnesium in the blood. Corticosteroids do not affect magnesium levels. Hypermagnesemia may be caused by other factors such as renal failure, excessive antacid use, or magnesium-containing laxatives.
Choice D reason: Hypomagnesemia is not the correct answer. Hypomagnesemia is a low level of magnesium in the blood. Corticosteroids do not affect magnesium levels. Hypomagnesemia may be caused by other factors such as malnutrition, alcoholism, or diuretic use.
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