A patient who has type 2 diabetes is scheduled for an oral endoscopy and has been NPO (nothing by mouth) since midnight. What is the best action by the nurse regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drugs?
Withhold all medications as ordered.
Contact the prescriber to clarify orders.
Administer half the original dose.
Give the medication with a sip of water.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because withholding all medications may cause hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis in the patient, especially if they are taking insulin or sulfonylureas. The nurse should consult with the prescriber to adjust the dose or timing of the medications according to the patient's blood glucose level and the duration of the procedure.
Choice B reason: This is correct because contacting the prescriber to clarify orders is the best action by the nurse, as the prescriber can provide specific instructions on how to manage the patient's oral antidiabetic drugs before and after the oral endoscopy. The nurse should also monitor the patient's blood glucose level closely and report any abnormal findings to the prescriber.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because administering half the original dose may not be appropriate for the patient, as it may cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia depending on the type and dose of the medication and the patient's blood glucose level. The nurse should not make any changes to the medication regimen without the prescriber's approval.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because giving the medication with a sip of water may violate the NPO status of the patient, which is necessary to prevent aspiration or interference with the oral endoscopy. The nurse should not administer any oral medications or fluids to the patient unless the prescriber allows it.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not affect each other's effectiveness, but rather their side effects. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that enhances the effect of nitric oxide, which causes vasodilation and increases blood flow to the penis. Nitrates are vasodilators that also increase nitric oxide levels and reduce the workload of the heart.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not cause a significant increase in pulse rate, but rather a decrease. This is because the vasodilation caused by both drugs lowers the blood pressure and the cardiac output, which reduces the heart rate.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because sildenafil and nitrates do not increase the risk of bleeding, unless they are combined with other drugs that affect the blood clotting process, such as anticoagulants or antiplatelets.
Choice D reason: This is correct because sildenafil and nitrates can cause a significant decrease in blood pressure when taken together, as they both cause vasodilation and increase nitric oxide levels. This can lead to hypotension, dizziness, fainting, or even a heart attack or stroke. The patient should avoid taking sildenafil and nitrates within 24 hours of each other.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Tachycardia is a possible adverse effect of theophylline, as it is a methylxanthine that stimulates the central nervous system and the cardiac muscle. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor their pulse rate and report any palpitations, chest pain, or irregular heartbeat.
Choice B reason: Drowsiness is not a likely adverse effect of theophylline, as it is a stimulant that increases alertness and energy. The nurse should caution the client to avoid taking the medication close to bedtime, as it may cause insomnia.
Choice C reason: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of theophylline, as it does not affect the gastrointestinal motility or secretion. The nurse should advise the client to maintain a balanced diet, adequate fluid intake, and regular exercise to prevent constipation.
Choice D reason: Oliguria is not a typical adverse effect of theophylline, as it does not impair the renal function or cause fluid retention. The nurse should encourage the client to drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration and maintain a normal urine output.
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