A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
"You may use a spacer with this device."
"Inhale slowly to distribute the medication."
"Hold the mouthpiece between your lips when you inhale.
Take this medication for quick relief"
"Rinse your mouth after using the medication."
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
A. Spacers are devices that can be attached to MDIs to help improve medication delivery to the lungs. They reduce the need for precise coordination between inhalation and actuation, making it easier for the medication to reach the lungs.
B Inhaling slowly allows the medication to be dispersed and distributed more effectively throughout the lungs. Rapid inhalation may cause the medication to impact the back of the throat rather than reaching the lungs. Instructing the client to inhale slowly helps maximize the amount of medication that reaches the airways.
C. Holding the mouthpiece between the lips and forming a good seal with the lips helps ensure that the medication is delivered directly into the airways. This technique ensures that the client inhales the medication effectively. Holding the mouthpiece between the lips also prevents the medication from escaping and ensures that it reaches the lungs.
E. Some medications delivered via MDIs, especially corticosteroids, can cause oral candidiasis (thrush) or irritation if not rinsed out of the mouth. Rinsing the mouth with water after using the MDI helps reduce the risk of side effects such as thrush or irritation in the mouth and throat. This instruction is particularly important for clients using corticosteroid inhalers.
D. MDIs can deliver medications for both quick relief (short-acting bronchodilators) and long-term control (maintenance medications). This instruction is correct if the medication prescribed is a short- acting bronchodilator (e.g., albuterol) used for quick relief of symptoms like wheezing or shortness of breath. However, if the medication is a long-term control medication (e.g., corticosteroid inhaler), it should be used regularly as prescribed to manage underlying inflammation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["19"]
Explanation
(Volume in mL * Drop factor) / Time in minutes.
The volume is 350 mL, the drop factor is 10 gtt/mL, and the time is 3 hours. Convert the time to minutes, which is 3 hours * 60 minutes/hour = 180 minutes. Multiply the volume by the drop factor: 350 mL * 10 gtt/mL = 3500 gtt.
Divide this by the time in minutes: 3500 gtt / 180 minutes ≈ 19.44 gtt/min.
After rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver 19 gtt/min.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
C. COCs increase the risk of DVT, particularly in clients with additional risk factors such as obesity, smoking, or a personal or family history of blood clots. Leg tenderness, especially if accompanied by swelling, redness, or warmth, should be reported immediately for evaluation and possible discontinuation of COCs.
A. Mild to moderate cramps are expected with COCs and are usually managed with supportive measures or over-the-counter pain relief. They do not typically warrant immediate reporting unless they are severe or accompanied by other symptoms.
B. While abdominal bloating is common and often not serious, severe or persistent bloating could indicate a more significant issue such as gastrointestinal problems or ovarian cysts. If severe or accompanied by other concerning symptoms, it should be reported promptly.
D. Mild nausea is generally expected and often improves over time. However, severe or persistent nausea, particularly if accompanied by vomiting, can indicate serious complications such as liver problems or ectopic pregnancy (if sexually active). It should be reported promptly for further evaluation.
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