A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication.

It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine.

This medication must be swallowed whole.

Diazepam can cause drowsiness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication - Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications, but it does not affect the metabolism of diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

B. It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine - Tyramine is typically associated with interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not benzodiazepines like diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

C. This medication must be swallowed whole - While it is generally recommended to swallow diazepam tablets whole with a full glass of water, this instruction does not encompass the full range of information necessary for safe medication use.

D. Diazepam can cause drowsiness - This statement is correct. Diazepam, like other benzodiazepines, has sedative effects and can cause drowsiness. Patients should be advised to avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving, until they know how the medication affects them. This is an essential aspect of patient education regarding diazepam.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Give the medication: Administering expired medication poses potential risks to the client's safety and efficacy of treatment. Therefore, giving the medication is not appropriate.

B. Discard the medication: Expired medications may have decreased potency or even become harmful due to chemical changes over time. It is essential to discard expired medications to ensure client safety and maintain the effectiveness of treatment.

C. Notify the provider: While it's important to communicate issues related to medication administration to the healthcare provider, in this case, the expired medication should not be used regardless of provider notification.

D. Return the medication to the pharmacy: Returning expired medication to the pharmacy might be appropriate in some settings, but it is not the primary action to take in this situation. The priority is to ensure the client does not receive expired medication.

A. The client drinks 2 liters of liquids daily. B. The client eats 2 to 3 gm of sodium-containing foods daily. C. The client runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon. D. The client eats foods high in tyramine.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The client drinks 2 liters of liquids daily. - This statement indicates adequate fluid intake, which is important for preventing dehydration and lithium toxicity. Increased fluid intake helps maintain normal lithium levels by promoting its excretion through urine.

B. The client eats 2 to 3 gm of sodium-containing foods daily. - This statement suggests a moderate sodium intake, which can help maintain stable lithium levels. Adequate sodium intake is important for preventing lithium toxicity because sodium depletion can increase lithium reabsorption by the kidneys, leading to higher serum levels.

C. The client runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon. - This statement indicates excessive sweating, which can lead to dehydration and subsequent lithium toxicity. Vigorous exercise, particularly in hot environments, increases fluid loss through sweating, potentially reducing lithium excretion and increasing serum levels.

D. The client eats foods high in tyramine. - This statement is unrelated to lithium toxicity. Tyramine-containing foods are typically associated with interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not lithium.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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