A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication.

It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine.

This medication must be swallowed whole.

Diazepam can cause drowsiness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication - Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications, but it does not affect the metabolism of diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

B. It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine - Tyramine is typically associated with interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not benzodiazepines like diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

C. This medication must be swallowed whole - While it is generally recommended to swallow diazepam tablets whole with a full glass of water, this instruction does not encompass the full range of information necessary for safe medication use.

D. Diazepam can cause drowsiness - This statement is correct. Diazepam, like other benzodiazepines, has sedative effects and can cause drowsiness. Patients should be advised to avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving, until they know how the medication affects them. This is an essential aspect of patient education regarding diazepam.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hold the injection if seizure activity is present:

This is incorrect. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication used to prevent seizures. If a client with a seizure disorder is experiencing seizure activity, it is essential to administer phenytoin promptly to help control and prevent further seizures.

B. Administer the medication at 100 mg/min:

This is incorrect. Phenytoin should be administered at a rate no faster than 50 mg/min to reduce the risk of adverse effects such as hypotension, arrhythmias, and cardiovascular collapse. Rapid infusion can cause adverse reactions such as hypotension, bradycardia, and cardiac arrhythmias.

C. Dilute the medication with dextrose 5% in water:

This is incorrect. Phenytoin should not be diluted with dextrose-containing solutions, as it can cause precipitation and result in clogging of the IV line. It is typically administered undiluted or diluted with normal saline solution.

D. Administer a saline solution after injection:

This is the correct action. After administering phenytoin IV, it is recommended to flush the IV line with normal saline solution to ensure that the medication is fully delivered and to prevent any remaining medication from precipitating in the IV line, which could lead to occlusion.

A. Prepare for gastric lavage due to an extremely elevated lithium level. B. Check the client's medication record to assess whether the client has been refusing her lithium. C. Administer the morning dose of lithium. D. Hold the medication and assess for early manifestations of toxicity.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prepare for gastric lavage due to an extremely elevated lithium level.

This option is incorrect. A lithium level of 1.0 mEq/L is within the therapeutic range for treating bipolar disorder or other mood disorders. Gastric lavage (stomach pumping) is not indicated for this level of lithium concentration.

B. Check the client's medication record to assess whether the client has been refusing her lithium.

This option is not directly relevant to the client's current lithium level of 1.0 mEq/L. While it's important to monitor medication adherence, the client's lithium level is within the therapeutic range, so there is no immediate concern about refusal or non-adherence.

C. Administer the morning dose of lithium.

This option is correct. With a lithium level of 1.0 mEq/L, which falls within the therapeutic range for treating bipolar disorder, the nurse should proceed with administering the morning dose of lithium as prescribed. It's important to maintain therapeutic lithium levels to effectively manage the client's condition.

D. Hold the medication and assess for early manifestations of toxicity.

This option is incorrect. With a lithium level of 1.0 mEq/L, there is no indication to hold the medication or suspect early manifestations of toxicity. Monitoring for lithium toxicity is important, but it's not warranted in this scenario where the lithium level is within the therapeutic range.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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