A nurse is caring for a client who has just begun therapy with alprazolam to treat anxiety. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Hearing loss

Insomnia

Bradycardia

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hearing loss: Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine medication, is not typically associated with hearing loss. Adverse effects related to hearing are not commonly reported with the use of alprazolam.

B. Insomnia: Insomnia, or difficulty falling or staying asleep, is a potential adverse effect of alprazolam. While benzodiazepines like alprazolam are central nervous system depressants and can cause drowsiness, paradoxical reactions such as insomnia may occur in some individuals.

C. Bradycardia: Alprazolam is not known to cause bradycardia. Instead, it may cause mild tachycardia or irregular heart rhythms as potential cardiovascular side effects.

D. Hypertension: Alprazolam is more likely to cause hypotension (low blood pressure) rather than hypertension. Hypotension is a potential adverse effect due to its central nervous system depressant effects, which can lead to relaxation of blood vessels and decreased blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) is not typically required before starting valproate therapy. EEGs may be used in the diagnosis and management of seizure disorders, but they are not a standard part of valproate therapy initiation.

B. High serum sodium levels are not associated with toxic levels of valproate. Instead, valproate can cause hyperammonemia, especially in individuals with urea cycle disorders.

C. Thyroid function tests are not typically required specifically for valproate therapy. However, valproate may interfere with thyroid hormone levels, so thyroid function tests might be ordered if there are symptoms of thyroid dysfunction.

D. Monitoring liver function tests is essential when taking valproate because the medication can cause hepatotoxicity. Clients should have baseline liver function tests before starting valproate, followed by regular monitoring throughout treatment. If liver function test results indicate liver damage, the healthcare provider may adjust the dosage or discontinue the medication. Therefore, this is the correct instruction to provide to the client starting valproate therapy.

Correct Answer is ["75"]

Explanation

To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) we divide the total volume by the total infusion time.

Given: Total volume of TPN = 1800 mL Total infusion time = 24 hours

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume / Total infusion time

Substituting the given values: Infusion rate = 1800 mL / 24 hr ≈ 75 mL/hr

Rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should set the IV pump to deliver approximately 75 mL/hr of TPN.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has just begun therapy with alprazolam to treat anxiety. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for valproate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client about the use of this medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer total parental nutrition (TPN) 1800 mL to infuse over 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["75"]

Explanation

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