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A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about infection control with her family at home. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A.

"Make sure family members wear masks whenever they are in the same room as you."

B.

"Return to work after two consecutive sputum cultures are negative."

C.

"Before coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue."

D.

"Wear a high-filtration mask at home when family members are nearby."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. "Make sure family members wear masks whenever they are in the same room as you."
Masks are mainly recommended for the client with tuberculosis, not family members unless they are at high risk. The focus should be on good hygiene and cough etiquette.

B. "Return to work after two consecutive sputum cultures are negative." While negative sputum cultures are important, returning to work depends on completing the full treatment regimen and clinical improvement. Full treatment is essential for transmission control.

C. "Before coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue." This is the correct advice to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. Covering the mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing helps contain respiratory droplets and protect others.

D. "Wear a high-filtration mask at home when family members are nearby." Wearing a high-filtration mask is generally necessary for healthcare settings. At home, focus should be on cough etiquette, good ventilation, and completing prescribed treatment.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Position the client on a flat surface." Positioning the client on a flat surface is essential for effective defibrillation. A flat surface ensures the chest is stable, allowing the AED to deliver a shock more effectively and improving the chances of a successful resuscitation.

B. "Perform CPR while the AED is analyzing." CPR should be paused while the AED is analyzing to ensure accurate analysis. Performing CPR during analysis can interfere with the AED's ability to correctly assess the heart's rhythm and may delay shock delivery.

C. "Set the AED to 80 joules." Most AEDs are preset to deliver appropriate shock levels, usually between 120-200 joules, and should not be manually adjusted unless specified by the device’s instructions.

D. "Use an AED for a client who has atrial fibrillation." An AED is used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Atrial fibrillation does not require defibrillation unless it progresses to a more serious arrhythmia.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"B"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}

Explanation

Answer:

  • Metoprolol 15 mg IV bolus: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to manage tachycardia and irregular heart rhythms in myocardial infarction (MI), which aligns with this patient's symptoms.
  • Oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula: Oxygen should be administered to improve oxygenation, as the client’s oxygen saturation is 93%, which is slightly low and suggests inadequate oxygenation.
  • Draw electrolytes along with Hgb and Hct: Due to medications affecting electrolytes (like beta-blockers), and the risk of arrhythmias, monitoring electrolytes is crucial. Hgb and Hct are important to assess for anemia, which could worsen myocardial ischemia, and to establish a baseline in case of bleeding complications from antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapies.
  • Morphine 6 mg IV bolus every 3 hr as needed for pain: Morphine is used for pain relief in acute MI, reducing myocardial oxygen demand and alleviating pain, which is crucial for this patient with severe chest pain.
  • Nitroglycerin 0.5 mg SL now may repeat every 5 min up to 3 doses: Nitroglycerin helps relieve chest pain in MI by reducing myocardial oxygen demand, making it appropriate for this patient's symptoms.
  • Obtain daily weight: While important for monitoring fluid status in heart failure, obtaining daily weight is not an immediate priority during the acute phase of suspected MI.
  • Atropine 0.5 mg IV bolus every 5 min up to 2 mg if heart rate drops below 60: Atropine is used for bradycardia, but this patient has tachycardia (110/min), so atropine would worsen the heart rate and is not appropriate in this case.

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