A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will drink half of a cup of fruit juice when I feel shaky and weak."
"I will soak my feet in water before applying lotion between my toes."
"I will skip a snack if I'm not hungry after lunch."
"I will only go without socks and shoes when I am in my home."
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. "I will drink half of a cup of fruit juice when I feel shaky and weak.": Shakiness and weakness are early signs of low blood glucose, and consuming 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate like ½ cup of fruit juice is an appropriate immediate response.
B. "I will soak my feet in water before applying lotion between my toes.": Diabetic clients should avoid soaking their feet due to the risk of skin maceration and infection. Lotion should not be applied between the toes, as this can promote fungal growth in a moist environment.
C. "I will skip a snack if I'm not hungry after lunch.": Skipping snacks can lead to hypoglycemia, especially if insulin has been administered. Even when not hungry, small carbohydrate intake may be necessary depending on the insulin regimen and activity level.
D. "I will only go without socks and shoes when I am in my home.": Diabetic clients should always wear protective footwear, even at home, to avoid undetected foot injuries that can lead to ulcers or infections due to impaired sensation and circulation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Diabetes screening: Screening for diabetes is a form of secondary prevention, aimed at early identification and intervention to prevent disease progression in asymptomatic individuals.
B. Nutrition counseling: Nutrition counseling is a primary prevention strategy when used to promote health and prevent disease. It aims to reduce risk factors before illness occurs.
C. Family planning: Family planning falls under primary prevention as it involves proactive measures to prevent unintended pregnancies and support reproductive health.
D. Physical therapy: Physical therapy is a tertiary prevention measure focused on reducing the impact of an existing disease or injury. It helps restore function, prevent further disability, and improve quality of life in individuals with chronic or advanced conditions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Opioids should not be given to older adults.": Opioids can be given to older adults when necessary, but with caution. The dose may need adjustment due to age-related changes in metabolism and increased sensitivity, not outright avoidance.
B. "Pain perception is decreased in older adult clients.": Pain perception does not decrease with age. Older adults may have conditions that affect communication or cognition, but their ability to feel pain remains intact, and they can still experience significant discomfort.
C. "Older adults report pain less frequently than younger clients.": Older adults often underreport pain due to beliefs that pain is a normal part of aging or fear of treatment consequences. This makes active assessment and trust-building essential in managing their pain effectively.
D. "Older adults require higher doses of pain medication.": Older adults typically require lower or more carefully titrated doses due to slower metabolism, decreased renal clearance, and heightened drug sensitivity, especially to central nervous system effects.
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