A nurse is teaching the parents of a pediatric client who has been diagnosed with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) about long-term effects. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in their teaching?

"JIA can cause joint damage leading to permanent deformities and reduced mobility."

"JIA has no long-term developmental effects as long as it is treated with NSAIDS."

The inflammation of the joints experienced with this type of JIA is mild."

"Most children do not need any treatment beyond monitoring, and they will grow out of this type of JIA."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "JIA can cause joint damage leading to permanent deformities and reduced mobility.": Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis involves chronic inflammation that can damage cartilage and bone over time. Without effective management, this can result in joint deformities, limited range of motion, and functional impairment, highlighting the importance of long-term monitoring and therapy.

B. "JIA has no long-term developmental effects as long as it is treated with NSAIDs.": NSAIDs help manage pain and inflammation but do not prevent all complications. Children with JIA may still experience growth disturbances, joint damage, or delays in physical development despite treatment.

C. "The inflammation of the joints experienced with this type of JIA is mild.": Systemic JIA can involve severe, persistent inflammation affecting multiple joints and sometimes organs. Describing it as mild underestimates disease severity and may give parents false reassurance.

D. "Most children do not need any treatment beyond monitoring, and they will grow out of this type of JIA.": Systemic JIA often requires pharmacologic interventions such as NSAIDs, corticosteroids, or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. The disease does not spontaneously resolve in most cases, and untreated inflammation can cause permanent damage.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. “I should aim for about 9 hours of sleep each night to support my growth and metabolism.”: Adolescents require 8–10 hours of sleep per night for optimal physical growth, cognitive function, and emotional regulation. Regular, adequate sleep supports metabolism, learning, and overall health.

B. “It's okay to use my phone right before bedtime as long as I turn it off after 10 minutes.”: Exposure to screens before bedtime can interfere with melatonin production and delay sleep onset, even for short periods. Limiting screen time before bed is recommended.

C. "Adolescents can function well with irregular sleep patterns.": Irregular sleep schedules disrupt circadian rhythms, impair attention, memory, and mood, and are associated with long-term health issues. Consistency is important.

D. “Sleeping in on weekends to catch up on sleep is the best way to maintain a healthy sleep routine.”: Sleeping in on weekends may temporarily reduce sleep debt but disrupts circadian rhythm and makes it harder to maintain a consistent sleep schedule.

A. Using a medicine cup for oral medication administration B. Instructing the child to swallow sublingual medication C. Administering rectal medication into the client's anus D. Selecting a suitable vein for intravenous medication administration E. Educating the client on proper inhalation technique for inhaled medication F. Applying topical or transdermal medication directly to the client's open wound

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Using a medicine cup for oral medication administration: Medicine cups allow accurate measurement of liquid medications and are appropriate for preschool-aged children who can cooperate with oral intake. This method reduces dosing errors and facilitates safe administration.

B. Instructing the child to swallow sublingual medication: Sublingual medications are designed to dissolve under the tongue for rapid absorption. Preschoolers may lack the developmental ability to hold the medication properly, making this route unsafe without close supervision. This instruction is not routinely appropriate for this age group.

C. Administering rectal medication into the client's anus: Rectal administration is a valid route for preschoolers, especially when oral administration is not possible due to vomiting or refusal. Proper technique ensures absorption and minimizes discomfort.

D. Selecting a suitable vein for intravenous medication administration: IV administration requires careful vein selection to ensure effective delivery and reduce complications. Preschoolers often need smaller-gauge catheters, and site choice is critical for safety.

E. Educating the client on proper inhalation technique for inhaled medication: Preschoolers can be taught to use inhalers with spacers or masks to optimize medication delivery to the lungs. Education helps improve adherence and therapeutic effect.

F. Applying topical or transdermal medication directly to the client's open wound: Applying topical medications directly to an open wound is inappropriate unless specifically prescribed for wound care. Standard transdermal patches are intended for intact skin; misuse can lead to systemic toxicity or local irritation.

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A nurse is teaching the parents of a pediatric client who has been diagnosed with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) about long-term effects. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in their teaching?

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