A nurse is caring for a child who has a diagnosis of complete blindness. Which of the following descriptions should the nurse associate with this diagnosis?
Blurred vision in one eye and clear vision in the other.
The inability to see objects or any light source.
A bilateral visual acuity of 20/20.
A bilateral visual acuity of 20/200 with contact lenses.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Blurred vision in one eye and clear vision in the other: This describes unilateral visual impairment rather than complete blindness. Complete blindness involves absence of vision in both eyes.
B. The inability to see objects or any light source: Complete blindness is defined as no perception of light or visual stimuli in either eye. This accurately reflects total loss of visual function.
C. A bilateral visual acuity of 20/20: This represents normal vision and is not consistent with any degree of visual impairment or blindness.
D. A bilateral visual acuity of 20/200 with contact lenses: A visual acuity of 20/200 meets criteria for legal blindness, not complete blindness. Individuals with legal blindness may still perceive light or shapes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Fever: In the acute phase of HIV, the virus is rapidly replicating, and the body mounts an immune response. Fever is a common early symptom reflecting viral infection and immune system activation. Monitoring for fever helps detect the body’s response and any concurrent infections.
B. Pneumonia: Opportunistic infections such as pneumonia are more common during the chronic or advanced stages of HIV when immune suppression is significant. In the acute phase, the immune system is usually still able to prevent severe infections.
C. Kaposi's sarcoma: Kaposi’s sarcoma is an opportunistic malignancy associated with advanced HIV/AIDS, not typically seen during the acute phase of infection in children.
D. AIDS: AIDS is the progression of HIV to a severely immunocompromised state. During the acute phase, the child has primary HIV infection, and the diagnosis of AIDS has not yet been established.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Phenylketonuria (PKU): PKU is an inborn error of metabolism that typically does not present immediately at birth. Newborns are usually asymptomatic until phenylalanine accumulates, causing developmental delays if untreated, so refusal to feed on day 1 is not characteristic.
B. Galactosemia: Galactosemia is a metabolic disorder in which the newborn cannot properly metabolize galactose. Classic early signs include lethargy, vomiting, jaundice, and refusal to breast or bottle feed within the first days of life, making this the most likely diagnosis.
C. Beta thalassemia minor: This condition is generally asymptomatic and does not present with lethargy or feeding refusal in the newborn period. It usually manifests later with mild anemia.
D. Hepatoblastoma: Hepatoblastoma is a rare liver tumor that typically presents later in infancy with abdominal mass or hepatomegaly and does not cause lethargy or immediate feeding refusal in a 1-day-old newborn.
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