A nurse manager is teaching a group of newly licensed nurses about vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections. Which of the following information should the nurse manager include in the teaching?
"VRE is transmitted through the air by coughing and sneezing."
"VRE infection requires health care workers to wear an N95 respirator."
"VRE infection is treated with vancomycin antibiotics."
"VRE is a common cause of health care-associated infections."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "VRE is transmitted through the air by coughing and sneezing.": VRE is not airborne; it spreads primarily through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or hands of healthcare workers. Airborne precautions are not required for this organism.
B. "VRE infection requires health care workers to wear an N95 respirator.": N95 respirators are required for airborne pathogens such as tuberculosis, not for VRE. Contact precautions, including gloves and gowns, are used for preventing transmission of VRE.
C. "VRE infection is treated with vancomycin antibiotics.": Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are resistant to vancomycin by definition, so other antibiotics such as linezolid or daptomycin are used instead. Treating with vancomycin would be ineffective.
D. "VRE is a common cause of health care-associated infections.": VRE is a significant pathogen in healthcare settings, often causing bloodstream, urinary tract, and wound infections. It is considered a common cause of health care–associated infections due to its resistance and ease of spread.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Tilt the client's head away from the side receiving the drops: The client’s head should be tilted slightly back and toward the side receiving the drops, not away. Tilting away may cause the medication to run out instead of entering the conjunctival sac.
B. Instill the drops directly onto the cornea of the eye receiving the drops: The cornea is highly sensitive, and placing drops directly on it can cause pain, reflex blinking, or injury. Drops should be placed into the conjunctival sac to ensure comfort and proper absorption.
C. Rest the dominant hand on the client's forehead while instilling the drops: Resting the hand on the forehead stabilizes the dropper, preventing accidental injury if the client moves suddenly. This provides safety and accuracy when administering the medication.
D. Hold the medication dropper 0.5 cm (0.2 in) above the conjunctival sac: The dropper should be held about 1–2 cm above the sac to avoid touching the eye. Holding it too close increases the risk of contamination or accidental contact with the eye surface.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. 15°: This angle is used for intradermal injections, such as a tuberculin skin test, where the medication is deposited just under the epidermis. It would not allow the needle to reach the muscle layer, making it inappropriate for intramuscular administration.
B. 60°: An angle of 60° is not a standard technique for any specific injection type. At this angle, the medication would likely end up in the subcutaneous tissue instead of the muscle, leading to improper absorption and reduced effectiveness.
C. 45°: This angle is appropriate for subcutaneous injections, such as insulin, when a shorter needle is used or in thin clients. It does not penetrate deeply enough to reach the muscle tissue for intramuscular medication administration.
D. 90°: A 90° angle ensures the needle penetrates through the subcutaneous tissue and into the muscle, which is necessary for intramuscular injections. This angle allows the medication to be deposited directly into the muscle for proper absorption and therapeutic effect.
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