A nurse observes a patient with bluish discoloration of the skin. Which layer of the skin is primarily involved in this phenomenon?
Dermis
Epidermis
Subcutaneous layer
Muscle tissue
The Correct Answer is C
A. Dermis: The dermis contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. While it supports skin function, the bluish discoloration seen in cyanosis occurs deeper, often related to oxygen-depleted blood in the capillaries of the subcutaneous tissue rather than the dermis itself.
B. Epidermis: The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and lacks blood vessels. Color changes in the skin due to oxygenation are not primarily visible in this layer because it does not contain the vascular structures responsible for cyanosis.
C. Subcutaneous layer: The subcutaneous layer, located beneath the dermis, contains small blood vessels and fat. Cyanosis, or bluish skin discoloration, occurs when there is insufficient oxygen in the blood, which is most noticeable in areas where subcutaneous vessels are close to the skin surface.
D. Muscle tissue: Muscle tissue lies beneath the subcutaneous layer and is not directly visible through the skin. Changes in skin color, such as bluish discoloration, are not primarily associated with muscle tissue but with superficial vascular changes.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bronchi: Wheezing and difficulty breathing often result from bronchoconstriction or inflammation in the bronchi. These large airway passages are critical for directing airflow to the lungs, and obstruction here causes audible wheezing.
B. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is the primary muscle for ventilation, but dysfunction would cause general breathing difficulty, not wheezing.
C. Alveoli: Alveoli are responsible for gas exchange; problems here usually cause hypoxia or shortness of breath, but wheezing is less characteristic.
D. Pharynx: The pharynx serves as a passageway for air and food; obstruction here may cause stridor but not the typical wheezing associated with lower airway issues.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Providing structure and support: Connective tissue provides structural framework for the body, supports organs, binds tissues together, and stores energy in the form of fat. It also contributes to tissue repair and protection through its various types, such as bone, cartilage, and ligaments.
B. Covering and lining surfaces: Covering and lining surfaces is the function of epithelial tissue, which forms protective barriers and regulates substance exchange between the body and the environment.
C. Contracting to produce movement: Muscle tissue is responsible for contraction and movement of body parts, including voluntary and involuntary motion, rather than providing structural support.
D. Generating electrical impulses: Nervous tissue generates and transmits electrical impulses to coordinate body functions, but it does not provide the physical support and structural framework that connective tissue does.
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