What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Larynx
Bronchi
Epiglottis
Diaphragm
The Correct Answer is C
A. Larynx: The larynx houses the vocal cords and contributes to airway protection and sound production. While it moves upward during swallowing to help partially close the airway, it does not directly block food from entering the trachea; the epiglottis is the main structure that performs this protective function.
B. Bronchi: The bronchi are the main airways that branch from the trachea into the lungs. They do not actively prevent food from entering the airway during swallowing. If food reaches the bronchi, it indicates aspiration, which can lead to serious respiratory complications.
C. Epiglottis: The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing. It directs food and liquids into the esophagus, preventing them from entering the respiratory tract. This protective mechanism is crucial for preventing choking and aspiration pneumonia.
D. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a primary muscle of respiration, creating negative pressure to allow inhalation. It does not participate in swallowing or airway protection, and it does not prevent food or liquids from entering the trachea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Controls metabolic rate: Metabolic rate is primarily regulated by the thyroid gland through hormones like thyroxine, not the thymus.
B. Regulates circadian rhythms: Circadian rhythms are regulated by the pineal gland via melatonin secretion, not the thymus.
C. Produces T-cells and secretes thymosins: The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ that produces and matures T-lymphocytes and secretes thymosins, which are essential for immune system development and function.
D. Secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar: Insulin is produced by the pancreas, not the thymus, and is responsible for controlling blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Transporting nutrients: Nutrient transport in the blood is primarily the role of plasma, which carries glucose, amino acids, and other substances. Platelets do not play a role in delivering nutrients to tissues or cells.
B. Oxygen transport: Oxygen transport is the function of red blood cells, which contain hemoglobin to bind and deliver oxygen. Platelets are not involved in carrying oxygen to body tissues.
C. Immune defense: Immune defense is mainly performed by white blood cells, which identify and destroy pathogens. Platelets contribute minimally to immunity and are not the primary defenders against infection.
D. Clot formation: Platelets are essential for hemostasis; they aggregate at the site of blood vessel injury, form a temporary plug, and release factors that initiate the clotting cascade. This function prevents excessive bleeding and is their primary role in the blood.
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