A nurse should recognize that exophthalmos (protruding eyeballs) may occur in children with:
hypothyroidism.
hyperthyroidism.
hyperparathyroidism.
hypoparathyroidism.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Hypothyroidism typically causes features like fatigue, weight gain, bradycardia, and facial puffiness—not exophthalmos.
B. Hyperthyroidism, especially in Graves' disease (the most common cause in children), is associated with exophthalmos due to inflammation and swelling behind the eyes.
C. Hyperparathyroidism mainly affects calcium and phosphate metabolism and does not result in eye changes like exophthalmos.
D. Hypoparathyroidism is associated with hypocalcemia symptoms such as muscle cramps or tetany, not eye protrusion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Feeling irritable can be a sign of hypoglycemia, and drinking a glass of milk (which contains carbohydrates) can help raise blood sugar levels safely.
B. Skipping meals can cause blood sugar levels to drop dangerously low; consistent meal intake is important in diabetes management.
C. When mixing insulins, regular insulin should be drawn up before NPH insulin to prevent contamination.
D. Exercise generally lowers blood glucose, so insulin doses are often adjusted downward or snacks are increased, not insulin increased, before or after activity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Moving the injured limb can worsen the injury or cause additional pain. Clothing should be cut away carefully if needed.
B. Immobilizing the affected limb, including the joints above and below the fracture, is essential to prevent further injury, reduce pain, and avoid complications such as nerve or vascular damage.
C. Protruding bones should never be pushed back in, as this can introduce infection or cause additional trauma. Cover the area with a sterile dressing and seek immediate medical attention.
D. Keeping the injury in a dependent (hanging down) position increases swelling and pain. The limb should be elevated if possible to reduce swelling.
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