A parent brings a child to the health clinic with reports of RLQ pain, fever, and decreased appetite. His pain is a "6" on the pain scale on arrival. After 15 minutes the patient reports his pain as a "0". What condition might the nurse expect?
Constipation
Ruptured appendix
Urinary tract infection
Intussusception
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Constipation can cause abdominal discomfort, but it typically presents with gradual onset and does not resolve suddenly. Pain from constipation is usually persistent until bowel movement occurs and is not associated with fever or abrupt relief.
Choice B reason: A sudden resolution of pain in a child with RLQ tenderness, fever, and decreased appetite is a red flag for ruptured appendix. When the appendix bursts, the pressure is relieved, leading to a temporary cessation of pain. However, this is followed by worsening systemic symptoms due to peritonitis. The abrupt drop in pain intensity is a classic sign of rupture and requires immediate medical attention.
Choice C reason: Urinary tract infections may cause lower abdominal pain and fever, but they do not typically present with sudden pain relief. The pain is usually persistent and associated with urinary symptoms such as dysuria or frequency.
Choice D reason: Intussusception presents with intermittent, crampy abdominal pain, often accompanied by vomiting and "currant jelly" stools. Pain episodes are paroxysmal and may resolve temporarily, but the pattern is different from the sudden and complete relief seen in appendiceal rupture.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Females with Fragile X syndrome typically have milder symptoms than males due to the presence of a second, unaffected X chromosome. Males, having only one X chromosome, are more severely affected. This statement is incorrect and reverses the typical clinical presentation.
Choice B reason: Children with Fragile X syndrome generally have a normal life span. While they may experience developmental delays, intellectual disability, and behavioral challenges, the condition does not typically affect life expectancy. Management focuses on supportive therapies and educational interventions.
Choice C reason: Joint stiffness is not a hallmark of Fragile X syndrome. In fact, children with Fragile X often have joint hypermobility due to connective tissue abnormalities. Stretching exercises may be used in other conditions but are not a standard intervention for Fragile X.
Choice D reason: A small head is not characteristic of Fragile X syndrome. Macrocephaly (larger head size) or normal head size is more typical. Disproportionate small head size may suggest other neurodevelopmental or genetic disorders.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This describes conditions such as bowel obstruction or intussusception, not gastroesophageal reflux (GER). GER involves the backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction, not intestinal blockage.
Choice B reason: This statement refers to pyloric stenosis, where the hypertrophied pyloric muscle obstructs gastric emptying. It is unrelated to GER, which involves the esophagus and not the pylorus.
Choice C reason: Paroxysmal abdominal pain is characteristic of conditions like irritable bowel syndrome or intussusception. GER typically presents with regurgitation, irritability, and feeding difficulties in infants, and heartburn in older children or adults.
Choice D reason: GER is caused by relaxation or incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), allowing gastric contents to reflux into the esophagus. This leads to symptoms such as regurgitation, heartburn, and esophagitis. This statement accurately reflects the pathophysiology of GER.
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