A voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is prescribed for a child. What education should be provided to the parents?
The VCUG will detect if the infection is gone.
The VCUG will rule out kidney stones.
The VCUG will prevent further complications of the urinary tract infection (UTI).
The VCUG will rule out vesicoureteral reflux.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
A VCUG does not determine whether an infection has resolved. The resolution of infection is typically assessed using urinalysis and urine culture after completing antibiotic therapy. Therefore, this statement is inaccurate and provides false reassurance.
Choice B reason:
VCUG is not used to detect kidney stones. The proper diagnostic tools for stones include renal ultrasound, non-contrast CT, or intravenous pyelogram. VCUG is focused on imaging the lower urinary tract, specifically assessing urine flow and bladder emptying function.
Choice C reason:
The VCUG is a diagnostic procedure, not a preventive one. It helps identify structural or functional abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux but does not directly prevent infection or its complications. Preventive measures would include antibiotic prophylaxis and good perineal hygiene practices.
Choice D reason:
The VCUG (voiding cystourethrogram) is a fluoroscopic imaging test that evaluates the bladder and urethra while the bladder fills and empties. Its main purpose is to detect vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), a condition in which urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters or kidneys. Identifying VUR is important because it can predispose children to recurrent urinary tract infections and kidney damage. Hence, this is the correct answer.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fluid restriction is contraindicated in cystic fibrosis. These children are prone to dehydration due to excessive salt loss in sweat. Adequate hydration is essential, especially during infections.
Choice B reason: Physical activity is encouraged in children with cystic fibrosis as it helps improve lung function, mobilize secretions, and enhance overall well-being. Restriction is not recommended unless medically indicated.
Choice C reason: Pancreatic enzyme replacement is critical in cystic fibrosis due to pancreatic insufficiency. Enzymes must be taken with all meals and snacks to aid digestion and nutrient absorption. This is a cornerstone of nutritional management.
Choice D reason: Children with cystic fibrosis require high-calorie, high-protein diets to meet increased metabolic demands and support growth. A low-calorie, low-protein diet would be inappropriate and harmful.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Offering ice cold fluids is not a recommended intervention for post-immunization discomfort. Covering the injection site may be appropriate if the child is scratching excessively, but it does not address the systemic symptoms like fever and fussiness. The advice lacks evidence-based comfort measures and may mislead the parent.
Choice B reason: This response is the most appropriate and evidence-based. Mild fever, fussiness, and localized discomfort are common after routine immunizations. Acetaminophen helps reduce fever and pain, cuddling provides emotional comfort, and a cool compress soothes the injection site. These interventions are safe and effective for managing typical post-vaccine reactions.
Choice C reason: A temperature of 101°F and fussiness alone do not indicate an allergic reaction. True allergic reactions typically involve symptoms like hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face and lips. This response may unnecessarily alarm the parent and lead to unwarranted emergency visits.
Choice D reason: While it is true that many infants experience mild reactions, this response lacks specific guidance and reassurance. Telling the parent to "call back" without offering comfort measures or education does not reflect best nursing practice and may leave the parent feeling unsupported.
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