A patient expresses concern about high cholesterol levels due to eating large amounts of meat for protein. The nurse understands that elevated cholesterol levels can increase the risk for which of the following health conditions?
Iron-deficiency anemia
Heart disease
Hypoglycemia
Osteoporosis
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Iron-deficiency anemia results from inadequate iron intake or absorption, not high cholesterol. Meat, a key protein source, is rich in heme iron, reducing anemia risk. High cholesterol from meat consumption does not directly cause anemia, as cholesterol affects lipid metabolism, not iron homeostasis.
Choice B reason: High cholesterol from excessive meat consumption, particularly red meat high in saturated fats, elevates low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, promoting atherosclerosis. This increases the risk of heart disease by forming arterial plaques, which can lead to coronary artery disease, heart attacks, or strokes, making this the correct choice.
Choice C reason: Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is unrelated to high cholesterol levels. It results from imbalanced carbohydrate metabolism or insulin issues, not lipid intake from meat. Cholesterol affects cardiovascular health, not glucose regulation, making this an incorrect choice for the condition described.
Choice D reason: Osteoporosis is caused by low bone density, often linked to inadequate calcium or vitamin D, not high cholesterol. While poor diet may contribute, cholesterol from meat does not directly affect bone health, as it primarily impacts lipid profiles and cardiovascular risk, making this incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: A vegan diet, when well-planned, can meet nutritional needs for children, providing adequate protein (0.9 grams/kg daily) through complementary sources like beans and grains. The issue is not veganism itself but the child’s limited intake, making this an incorrect nutritional concern in this context.
Choice B reason: The diet lacks adequate amino acids, as toast, pasta, rice, and vegetables provide incomplete proteins (<5 grams total daily). A vegan child needs complementary proteins (e.g., rice and beans) to meet essential amino acid needs, making this an incorrect choice, as the diet is deficient.
Choice C reason: The child’s diet (toast, pasta, rice, juice, apple, carrots) provides approximately 500-600 kcal, far below the 1400-1800 kcal needed for a 9-year-old. Inadequate calories impair growth and energy needs, making this a valid concern, as low intake stunts development and metabolism.
Choice D reason: Many food dislikes, as a picky eater, limit the variety of protein and nutrient sources, reducing intake of essential amino acids and vitamins. This restricts the ability to meet nutritional needs (0.9 grams/kg protein, 1400 kcal daily), making it a significant concern for growth.
Choice E reason: The diet provides minimal protein (<5 grams daily from toast, pasta, rice, carrots), far below the 0.9 grams/kg needed for a 9-year-old. Inadequate protein impairs growth, muscle development, and immune function, making this a critical nutritional concern for a vegan child.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Milkshakes, made with milk or yogurt, provide about 8-10 grams of complete protein per cup, supporting muscle maintenance in cancer patients with high protein needs due to tissue repair and chemotherapy-induced catabolism. They are easy to consume, aiding intake.
Choice B reason: Egg and ham omelets offer complete proteins (eggs: ~6 grams per egg, ham: ~7 grams per ounce), providing all essential amino acids. This supports tissue repair and immune function in cancer patients, counteracting protein malnutrition caused by increased metabolic demands.
Choice C reason: Strawberries and bananas are fruits, providing minimal protein (less than 1 gram per cup) and primarily carbohydrates. They do not significantly contribute to preventing protein malnutrition, as they lack the amino acids needed for tissue repair in cancer patients.
Choice D reason: Cottage cheese provides about 25 grams of complete protein per cup, rich in essential amino acids. It supports muscle maintenance and immune function in cancer patients, helping prevent protein malnutrition due to high catabolic rates and reduced appetite during treatment.
Choice E reason: Tuna fish offers about 25 grams of complete protein per can, containing all essential amino acids. It supports tissue repair and muscle maintenance in cancer patients, counteracting protein malnutrition caused by increased metabolic demands and chemotherapy-induced appetite loss.
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