A patient has been diagnosed with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. The nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications?
(Select All that Apply.)

Furosemide

Nitroglycerin

Aspirin

Penicillin

Morphine

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A.   Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to manage fluid overload, often seen in conditions like heart failure. While it can be helpful for patients with heart failure or fluid retention, it is not a primary medication for the acute management of STEMI.
B.   Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve chest pain and reduce myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing the workload of the heart. It is commonly administered to patients with STEMI to manage angina and help improve blood flow to the heart.
C.   Aspirin is a crucial medication in the management of STEMI. It works by inhibiting platelet aggregation, which helps to prevent further clot formation in the coronary arteries. Aspirin is typically given as soon as a myocardial infarction is diagnosed to minimize the extent of heart damage and reduce the risk of further thrombotic events.
D.   Penicillin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It is not used in the management of STEMI because myocardial infarctions are not caused by bacterial infections. Penicillin would not be relevant for treating or managing a STEMI.
E.   Morphine is an opioid analgesic used to relieve severe pain associated with STEMI. It helps reduce pain, anxiety, and myocardial oxygen demand by causing vasodilation. It also helps manage symptoms and improve patient comfort.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) refers to the thickening of the walls of the left ventricle, which often results from chronic high blood pressure or other conditions that increase the workload on the heart. While LVH is an important cardiac issue, it is not a direct complication of pericarditis.
B. Increased cardiac output (the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute) is generally not a direct complication of pericarditis. In fact, pericarditis often affects cardiac output in a different way.
C. Cardiac tamponade is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of pericarditis. It occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardial space, exerting pressure on the heart and impeding its ability to fill and pump effectively. This condition can lead to reduced cardiac output, hypotension, and symptoms of shock.
D. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a common condition that can contribute to a range of cardiovascular issues, but it is not a direct complication of pericarditis.

A. Smoking cigarettes B. Family history of aneurysm C. HDL cholesterol 65 mg/dl. (male greater than 45 mg/dL; female greater than 55 mg/dL) D. Total cholesterol 170 mg/dl (less than 200 mg/dL E. Diabetes mellitus

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. Smoking is a significant risk factor for the development of AAA. It contributes to the degradation of elastin and collagen in the arterial wall, which weakens the aorta and increases the risk of aneurysm formation. Smokers have a higher incidence of AAA compared to non-smokers.
B. A family history of aneurysms is another important risk factor. Genetic predisposition can increase the likelihood of developing AAA, indicating that the condition may run in families. Individuals with a family history of AAA are at higher risk and should be monitored more closely.
C. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are generally considered protective against cardiovascular diseases, including AAA.
D. Total cholesterol levels are used to assess cardiovascular risk. A total cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL is within the normal range (less than 200 mg/dL). While high cholesterol can contribute to cardiovascular diseases, a total cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL is not considered a risk factor for AAA.
E. Diabetes mellitus is not typically considered a direct risk factor for AAA. However, diabetes is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, which can contribute to various vascular conditions.

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A patient has been diagnosed with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. The nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

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A patient has been diagnosed with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. The nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications?
(Select All that Apply.)