Which action should the nurse include in a community health program to decrease the incidence of rheumatic fever?

Teach community members to seek medical treatment for streptococcal pharyngitis.

Teach about prophylactic antibiotics to those with family history of rheumatic fever.

Vaccinate high-risk groups in the community with streptococcal vaccine.

Teach about the importance of monitoring temperature when sore throats occur.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Rheumatic fever is a complication that can arise from untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat). Educating community members about the importance of seeking medical treatment for strep throat is crucial because timely antibiotic treatment can prevent the development of rheumatic fever.
B.   Prophylactic antibiotics are often recommended for individuals who have had rheumatic fever or have a family history of the condition to prevent recurrence. While this is important for secondary prevention in high-risk individuals, it is more of a targeted approach rather than a broad community health strategy.
C.   Currently, there is no widely available vaccine specifically for streptococcal infections or rheumatic fever. Research is ongoing, but no vaccine has been proven effective and available for general use in preventing streptococcal infections.
D.   Monitoring temperature during a sore throat can help identify an infection, but it does not directly address the prevention of rheumatic fever. The key issue is ensuring that sore throats are evaluated and treated appropriately to prevent complications like rheumatic fever.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Valvular regurgitation itself does not typically cause fever and malaise. These symptoms might be associated with an underlying infection, such as endocarditis, which can be a complication of valvular regurgitation, but they are not direct effects of the regurgitation itself.
B. This statement accurately describes one of the primary effects of valvular regurgitation. When a valve does not close properly, blood flows backward into the chamber from which it came. This backward flow

leads to volume overload in that chamber, as it receives extra blood that should have moved forward into the next chamber or artery.
C. Valvular regurgitation does not cause an autoimmune reaction affecting the connective tissue of the heart. Autoimmune reactions related to heart valves are typically associated with conditions like rheumatic fever, which can cause damage to the heart valves and lead to regurgitation, but the regurgitation itself is not an autoimmune reaction.
D. This statement describes a condition known as stenosis, not regurgitation. Stenosis is the narrowing of a heart valve or vessel that restricts blood flow and can lead to increased cardiac output to overcome the obstruction.

A. The patient had a recent upper respiratory infection. B. The patient has a family history of coronary artery disease. C. The patient's 29-yr-old brother died from a sudden cardiac arrest. D. The patient reports using cocaine "a few times" as a teenager.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While a recent upper respiratory infection might be relevant to overall health and could potentially influence cardiac symptoms, it is not as directly pertinent to the management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. HCM is primarily a genetic condition affecting the heart muscle, and a recent infection does not significantly impact the primary concerns related to HCM.
B. A family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) can be relevant, but it is less directly related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy than other factors. CAD involves the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries and can lead to other cardiac issues, but HCM is more specifically associated with genetic factors and structural heart abnormalities rather than CAD.
C. This information is very important for planning care for the patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A family history of sudden cardiac death, particularly at a young age, raises significant concerns about the genetic nature of the condition and the potential for similar outcomes.
D. Cocaine use can have serious cardiovascular effects and might contribute to other heart issues, but its relevance in the context of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is less direct. While substance abuse is a concern, it is not as critical in understanding or managing the risk associated with HCM compared to a family history of sudden cardiac arrest.

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Which action should the nurse include in a community health program to decrease the incidence of rheumatic fever?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What effect does valvular regurgitation have on a patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is obtaining a health history from a 24-year-old patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Which information obtained by the nurse is most important in planning care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client who has a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

The patient with acute pericarditis is having a pericardiocentesis. What complication should the nurse monitor the patient for?

A nurse is teaching a client who is postoperative following the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

What should the nurse teach the patient who has endocarditis about preventing recurrence of the infections?

A patient admitted with diagnosis of pericarditis develops hypotension, shortness of breath, tachycardia, distended neck veins. Which of the following procedures with the nurse anticipate assisting for this emergent situation?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has suspected cardiac tamponade. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate the provider to order first?

A patient with a sinus node dysfunction has a permanent pacemaker inserted. Before discharge, what should the nurse include when teaching the patient?

Which of the following are risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)? (Select all that apply.)