Which action should the nurse include in a community health program to decrease the incidence of rheumatic fever?

Teach community members to seek medical treatment for streptococcal pharyngitis.

Teach about prophylactic antibiotics to those with family history of rheumatic fever.

Vaccinate high-risk groups in the community with streptococcal vaccine.

Teach about the importance of monitoring temperature when sore throats occur.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Rheumatic fever is a complication that can arise from untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat). Educating community members about the importance of seeking medical treatment for strep throat is crucial because timely antibiotic treatment can prevent the development of rheumatic fever.
B.   Prophylactic antibiotics are often recommended for individuals who have had rheumatic fever or have a family history of the condition to prevent recurrence. While this is important for secondary prevention in high-risk individuals, it is more of a targeted approach rather than a broad community health strategy.
C.   Currently, there is no widely available vaccine specifically for streptococcal infections or rheumatic fever. Research is ongoing, but no vaccine has been proven effective and available for general use in preventing streptococcal infections.
D.   Monitoring temperature during a sore throat can help identify an infection, but it does not directly address the prevention of rheumatic fever. The key issue is ensuring that sore throats are evaluated and treated appropriately to prevent complications like rheumatic fever.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. Smoking is a significant risk factor for the development of AAA. It contributes to the degradation of elastin and collagen in the arterial wall, which weakens the aorta and increases the risk of aneurysm formation. Smokers have a higher incidence of AAA compared to non-smokers.
B. A family history of aneurysms is another important risk factor. Genetic predisposition can increase the likelihood of developing AAA, indicating that the condition may run in families. Individuals with a family history of AAA are at higher risk and should be monitored more closely.
C. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are generally considered protective against cardiovascular diseases, including AAA.
D. Total cholesterol levels are used to assess cardiovascular risk. A total cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL is within the normal range (less than 200 mg/dL). While high cholesterol can contribute to cardiovascular diseases, a total cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL is not considered a risk factor for AAA.
E. Diabetes mellitus is not typically considered a direct risk factor for AAA. However, diabetes is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, which can contribute to various vascular conditions.

A. Avoid direct blows to the chest. B. Start lifting the arm above the shoulder right away to prevent a "frozen shoulder". C. Avoid cooking with microwave ovens. D. Use mild analgesics to control the chest spasms caused by the pacing current.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The pacemaker and its leads are implanted in the chest area, and direct blows or trauma to this area can potentially dislodge the leads or damage the pacemaker. Patients should be advised to avoid activities that could result in trauma to the chest to protect the pacemaker and ensure its proper function.
B. Patients are generally advised to avoid lifting the arm on the side of the pacemaker above shoulder level for a period (usually about 4-6 weeks) to prevent complications and ensure proper healing. Early lifting of the arm might dislodge the pacemaker leads or cause other issues. Exercises and range-of- motion activities are typically started under guidance once the initial healing period is over.

C. Modern pacemakers are designed to be shielded against common household electrical appliances, including microwave ovens. Patients with pacemakers do not need to avoid using microwave ovens, as there is no significant risk of interference from these devices.
D. Mild analgesics might be used for discomfort or pain in some cases, but the notion that chest spasms are caused by the pacing current is generally incorrect. Pacemakers are designed to be non-intrusive and should not cause spasm-like sensations if functioning correctly.

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Which action should the nurse include in a community health program to decrease the incidence of rheumatic fever?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following are risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A patient with a sinus node dysfunction has a permanent pacemaker inserted. Before discharge, what should the nurse include when teaching the patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?

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