A patient has been newly diagnosed as having high LDLS and high triglycerides. Which drug from the choices below will the nurse anticipate the doctor to order as a first line therapy for hyperlipidemia?

Clopidogrel

Simvastatin

Lisinopril

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Clopidogrel: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent thrombotic events, such as stroke or myocardial infarction. It does not lower LDL cholesterol or triglycerides and is not a first-line treatment for hyperlipidemia.

B. Simvastatin: Simvastatin is a statin that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Statins are first-line therapy for patients with elevated LDL and triglycerides because they effectively lower LDL levels, modestly reduce triglycerides, and reduce cardiovascular risk.

C. Lisinopril: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to manage hypertension and heart failure. It does not significantly affect lipid levels and is not indicated as a primary treatment for hyperlipidemia.

D. Hydrochlorothiazide: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema. It does not have a direct effect on LDL or triglyceride levels and is not used to manage hyperlipidemia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Document the adverse reaction in the patient’s chart:Documentation is important for legal and clinical records but is not the immediate priorityin a life-threatening situation. Patient safety comes first.

B. Assess the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation:Facial swelling and difficulty breathing indicate a potential anaphylactic reaction, which can be rapidly fatal. The nurse must first assess and maintain airway patency, oxygenation, and circulation before taking other actions.

C. Notify the provider immediately:Notifying the provider is necessary, but the nurse must first ensure the patient’s airway and vital functions are stable. Immediate intervention can be lifesaving.

D. Administer another dose of the medication to counteract the adverse reaction:Administering another dose would worsen the reaction. The priority is halting exposureand initiating emergency treatment, such as epinephrine if indicated.

A. Administering additional sodium supplements B. Monitoring serum potassium levels regularly C. Encouraging increased fluid intake D. Assess for episodes of hypertension

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering additional sodium supplements:Furosemide increases sodium excretion in the urine. Adding sodium supplements would counteract the diuretic effect and may worsen fluid retention or blood pressure control.

B. Monitoring serum potassium levels regularly:Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss through the kidneys. Hypokalemia can lead to muscle weakness and dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias. Regular potassium monitoring is essential to detect and prevent this complication.

C. Encouraging increased fluid intake:Excessive fluid intake may reduce the effectiveness of diuresis and worsen edema or heart failure symptoms. Fluid intake should be guided by the patient’s clinical condition, not routinely increased.

D. Assess for episodes of hypertension:Furosemide lowers blood pressure rather than causing hypertension. The nurse should monitor for hypotension instead, making this option less relevant to preventing medication-related complications.

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A patient has been newly diagnosed as having high LDLS and high triglycerides. Which drug from the choices below will the nurse anticipate the doctor to order as a first line therapy for hyperlipidemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who is prescribed a medication with a short onset of action experiences a rapid and unexpected adverse reaction resulting in facial swelling and difficulty breathing. Which action should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient is prescribed furosemide. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize to monitor and prevent potential complications associated with this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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