A patient is admited with hypernatremia caused by being stranded on a boat in the Atlantic Ocean for two days without water. What is the patient at risk for developing?

Cerebral bleeding

Pulmonary edema

Cardiac arrhythmias

Seizures

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A: Cerebral bleeding is incorrect because it is not a common complication of hypernatremia, which is a high sodium level in the blood. Cerebral bleeding can be caused by conditions such as head trauma, stroke, or aneurysm.

Choice B: Pulmonary edema is incorrect because it is a condition where ﬂuid accumulates in the lungs, causing shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. Pulmonary edema can be caused by conditions such as heart failure, kidney failure, or lung injury.

Choice C: Cardiac arrhythmias is correct because it is a condition where the heart beats irregularly, too fast, or too slow. Cardiac arrhythmias can be caused by hypernatremia, which can aﬀect the electrical activity and contractility of the heart muscle. Hypernatremia can also cause dehydration, hypovolemia, and hypotension, which can impair the blood ﬂow and oxygen delivery to the heart.

Choice D: Seizures is incorrect because it is a condition where abnormal electrical activity in the brain causes convulsions, loss of consciousness, or altered behavior. Seizures can be caused by conditions such as epilepsy, brain tumor, or infection.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is correct because using an infusion controller for the IV ensures that the KCL is delivered at a safe and accurate rate. KCL can cause cardiac arrest if infused too rapidly or in excess.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because adding the ordered dose to the IV bag hanging dilutes the KCL and reduces the risk of phlebitis and extravasation. KCL is irritating to the veins and can cause tissue damage if it leaks out of the vein.

Choice C Reason: This is correct because monitoring the injection site for redness can help detect signs of phlebitis and extravasation. The nurse should stop the infusion and notify the provider if these complications occur.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because monitoring ﬂuid intake and output is not directly related to administering KCL. However, the nurse should monitor the patient's serum potassium level and renal function before and during KCL therapy, as kidney impairment can cause hyperkalemia.

Choice E Reason: This is incorrect because administering the dose IV push over 3 minutes is dangerous and contraindicated. KCL should never be given by IV push, bolus, or undiluted, as it can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

A. PaCO2 50 mm Hg B. HCO3 30 mEq/L C. pH 7.45 D. Potassium 3.3 mEq/L

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is a) PaCO2 50 mm Hg. This is because respiratory acidosis is a condition in which the lungs cannot remove enough carbon dioxide from the blood, resulting in a high level of PaCO2. The normal range of PaCO2 is 35 to 45 mm Hg.

Choice b) HCO3 30 mEq/L is incorrect because this is a normal value for bicarbonate, which is a buﬀer that helps maintain the acid-base balance in the blood. The normal range of HCO3 is 22 to 26 mEq/L.

Choice c) pH 7.45 is incorrect because this is a normal value for the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. The normal range of pH is 7.35 to 7.45. Respiratory acidosis causes a low pH, indicating acidemia.

Choice d) Potassium 3.3 mEq/L is incorrect because this is a low value for potassium, which is an electrolyte that helps regulate nerve and muscle function, ﬂuid balance, and blood pressure. The normal range of potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. Respiratory acidosis can cause hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, due to the shift of hydrogen ions into cells and potassium out of cells.

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A patient is admited with hypernatremia caused by being stranded on a boat in the Atlantic Ocean for two days without water. What is the patient at risk for developing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The patient is prescribed to receive intravenous potassium chloride (KCL). Which actions should the nurse take when administering this medication? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient experiencing multisystem ﬂuid volume deficit has tachycardia, pale, cool skin, and decreased urine output. The nurse realizes these findings are most likely a direct result of which process?

A patient with atrial fibrillation and a serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L takes digoxin (Lanoxin), ASA (aspirin), KCL (potassium chloride) and warfarin (Coumadin) daily. The patient reports visual disturbances. The nurse suspects problems with which medication?

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory values and discovers the client has a serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is teaching a client who is on a low-sodium diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is reviewing the health problems for a group of assigned patients. Which patient does the nurse recognize as being at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?

The nurse is concerned that a patient recovering from a thyroidectomy is developing hypocalcemia. What findings did the nurse use to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply.

A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. ABG results reveal a pH of 7.2 and a bicarbonate level of 20 mEq/L. What other assessment findings should the nurse anticipate in this patient? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for ﬂuid volume deficit?